immune system
• fewer CD44hi CD154+ CD4+ T cells in the bone marrow
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• honing of effector and memory T helper cells to the bone marrow is impaired compared to in wild-type cells
• persistence of T helper cells on bone marrow stromal cells is impaired compared to in wild-type mice
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• CD4+ T cells fail to induce production of high-affinity antibodies, especially in the late phase, compared with wild-type cells
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• bone marrow memory T cells induce less efficiently the production of high-affinity antibodies compared with wild-type cells
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• mice immunized with NP-CGG plus LPS or NP-KLH produce less NP-specific high-affinity antibodies compared with wild-type mice
• however, T follicular helper cells and germinal center B cells are normally generated
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• from CD4+ T cells stimulated with anti-CD3 antibodies in the presence of brefeldin A
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• from CD4+ T cells stimulated with anti-CD3 antibodies in the presence of brefeldin A
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hematopoietic system
• fewer CD44hi CD154+ CD4+ T cells in the bone marrow
|
• honing of effector and memory T helper cells to the bone marrow is impaired compared to in wild-type cells
• persistence of T helper cells on bone marrow stromal cells is impaired compared to in wild-type mice
|
• CD4+ T cells fail to induce production of high-affinity antibodies, especially in the late phase, compared with wild-type cells
|
• bone marrow memory T cells induce less efficiently the production of high-affinity antibodies compared with wild-type cells
|