Analysis Tools
mortality/aging
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• male hemizygotes die at 2 days after birth (P2)
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growth/size/body
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• although hemizygotes are indistinguishable from wild-type or heterozygous (control) littermates at birth, they exhibit retarded growth within 24 hrs after birth, despite normal feeding
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homeostasis/metabolism
hypoglycemia
(
J:86206
)
|
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• hemizygotes display severe hypoglycemia prior to death
• blood glucose levels are only slightly reduced at P1 but drop sharply shortly before P2
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dehydration
(
J:86206
)
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• hemizygotes are dehydrated prior to death
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behavior/neurological
endocrine/exocrine glands
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• at P2, hemizygotes show a complete lack of mature glucagon-producing alpha cells, with concomitant increases in beta and delta cell numbers relative to control mice
• in contrast, the average number of pancreatic polypeptide (PP)-producing cells and general pancreas morphology remain intact
• moreover, development of the early glucagon-/insulin-expressing cells remains unaffected and no alteration in the total islet cell number is detectable after birth, indicating that alpha-cell progenitors adopt an alternative beta- or delta-cell fate
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• at P2, hemizygotes display a 1.3-fold increase in the number of insulin-producing beta cells relative to control mice
• an increase in insulin-producing beta cell number is already evident at E18.5
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• at ~E18, mutant pancreatic delta cells are no longer localized to the mantle zone as in wild-type mice; instead, they appear to be scattered within the islet core
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• at P2, hemizygotes display a 2-fold increase in the number of somatostatin-producing delta cells relative to control mice
• an increase in somatostatin-producing delta cell number is already evident at E18.5
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