mortality/aging
• when null males are crossed with heterozygous females, null mutants are underrepresented by 78% compared with controls on P28; further analysis indicates lethality within 1 day after birth
• Background Sensitivity: penetrance is increased with contribution from C57BL/6 genetic background
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embryo
growth/size/body
• reduction in body weight relative to controls on day of birth
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• weigh significantly less at E18.5 than controls
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cardiovascular system