mortality/aging
• homozygotes died in utero between E9.5 and E10.5
• by E9.5 all homozygous embryos exhibited abnormalities
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cardiovascular system
• lack of alpha smooth muscle actin in blood vessels
• vascular remodeling is incomplete
• vascular network over the brain lacks complexity
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• vitelline artery is irregular within the body and tapers off to contact point with yolk sac
• no large vitelline vessels on the yolk sac but a primary vitelline plexus present
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• slightly reduced levels of alpha smooth muscle actin
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embryo
• vitelline artery is irregular within the body and tapers off to contact point with yolk sac
• no large vitelline vessels on the yolk sac but a primary vitelline plexus present
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• incomplete turning observed in 7.7% of embryos
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• slightly smaller than normal at E9.5 (17 vs. 19 somites)
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• "kinky" neural tubes
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growth/size/body
• slightly smaller than normal at E9.5 (17 vs. 19 somites)
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hematopoietic system
• embryos are pale although blood is present in the yolk sac
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nervous system
• "kinky" neural tubes
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homeostasis/metabolism
muscle
• slightly reduced levels of alpha smooth muscle actin
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