mortality/aging
• most die within 48 hours of birth, although some survive to 3 weeks of age
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growth/size/body
• small body size, reaching only 1/3 of the body weight of the controls
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respiratory system
• irregularly patterned breathing
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vision/eye
• mutants display a pupillarly light reflex but with a very slow response time
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• the number of AII amacrine cells is slightly, but significantly, reduced in the retina
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• rod outer segment dimensions and rhodopsin content in P16 mutants are comparable to those of controls at P12, indicating that outer segement development is slowed
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• rod migration and differentiation proceed at slower rates than in wild-type controls
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• eyelids separate but do not open entirely
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• the gain and kinetics of the rod phototransduction signal in dark-adapted P16 mice is similar to those of P12 control mice, indicating a delay of about 4 days in the maturation of the transduction function
• lack of b-wave at P12, indicating failed signal transmission in the retinal rod pathway
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• mutants show no visually guided orientation behavior and do not turn away from a visual cliff
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nervous system
• the number of AII amacrine cells is slightly, but significantly, reduced in the retina
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• rod outer segment dimensions and rhodopsin content in P16 mutants are comparable to those of controls at P12, indicating that outer segement development is slowed
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behavior/neurological
• mutants have problems righting themselves
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• mutants display a pupillarly light reflex but with a very slow response time
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