All Phenotypes Twist2<tm1(cre)Dor> MGI Mouse

About Help FAQ

Phenotypes associated with this allele

Allele Symbol
Allele Name
Allele ID

Twist2^tm1(cre)Dor
targeted mutation 1, David M Ornitz
MGI:3044412

Summary

27 genotypes

Jump to	Allelic Composition	Genetic Background	Genotype ID
hm1	Twist2^tm1(cre)Dor/Twist2^tm1(cre)Dor	involves: 129/Sv * 129X1/SvJ	MGI:3038292
hm2	Twist2^tm1(cre)Dor/Twist2^tm1(cre)Dor	involves: 129X1/SvJ * C57BL/6	MGI:4942182
ht3	Twist2^tm1(cre)Dor/Twist2⁺	involves: 129X1/SvJ	MGI:3044686
cn4	Mirc32^tm1.1Jtm/Mirc32^tm1.1Jtm Twist2^tm1(cre)Dor/Twist2⁺	B6.129(Cg)-Twist2^{tm1.1(cre)Dor} Mirc32^tm1.1Jtm	MGI:5707652
cn5	Robo1^tm1Matl/Robo1^tm1Matl Robo2^tm1Rilm/Robo2^tm1Rilm Twist2^tm1(cre)Dor/Twist2⁺	involves: 129 * 129X1/SvJ	MGI:5522801
cn6	Hdac8^tm1.1Eno/Y Twist2^tm1(cre)Dor/Twist2⁺	involves: 129 * C57BL/6 * CD-1 * SJL	MGI:3851917
cn7	Fgf10^tm1Ska/Fgf10^tm1Sms Gt(ROSA)26Sor^tm1Sor/Gt(ROSA)26Sor⁺ Twist2^tm1(cre)Dor/Twist2⁺	involves: 129S1/Sv * 129S4/SvJaeSor * 129X1/SvJ * C57BL/6 * CBA	MGI:3851799
cn8	Lrp6^tm1.1Vari/Lrp6^tm1.1Vari Twist2^tm1(cre)Dor/Twist2⁺	involves: 129S1/Sv * 129X1/SvJ	MGI:5299320
cn9	Twist2^tm1(cre)Dor/Twist2⁺ Wnt7b^tm1Parr/Wnt7b^tm2Amc	involves: 129S1/Sv * 129X1/SvJ	MGI:3841730
cn10	Lrp5^tm1.1Vari/Lrp5^tm1.2Vari Twist2^tm1(cre)Dor/Twist2⁺	involves: 129S1/Sv * 129X1/SvJ	MGI:5299319
cn11	Lrp6^tm1.1Vari/Lrp6^tm1.2Vari Twist2^tm1(cre)Dor/Twist2⁺	involves: 129S1/Sv * 129X1/SvJ	MGI:5299321
cn12	Lrp5^tm1.1Vari/Lrp5^tm1.1Vari Lrp6^tm1.1Vari/Lrp6^tm1.1Vari Twist2^tm1(cre)Dor/Twist2⁺	involves: 129S1/Sv * 129X1/SvJ	MGI:5299323
cn13	Lrp5^tm1.2Vari/Lrp5^tm1.2Vari Lrp6^tm1.1Vari/Lrp6^tm1.1Vari Twist2^tm1(cre)Dor/Twist2⁺	involves: 129S1/Sv * 129X1/SvJ	MGI:5299324
cn14	Ctnnb1^tm2Kem/Ctnnb1^tm2Kem Twist2^tm1(cre)Dor/Twist2⁺	involves: 129S1/Sv * 129X1/SvJ	MGI:5299325
cn15	Fgfr1^tm1Jpa/Fgfr1^tm1.1Jpa Fgfr2^tm1Dor/Fgfr2^tm1.1Dor Twist2^tm1(cre)Dor/Twist2⁺	involves: 129S1/Sv * 129X1/SvJ * C57BL/6	MGI:3813486
cn16	Fgfr1^tm1Jpa/Fgfr1^tm1.1Jpa Fgfr2^tm1Dor/Fgfr2⁺ Twist2^tm1(cre)Dor/Twist2⁺	involves: 129S1/Sv * 129X1/SvJ * C57BL/6	MGI:3813483
cn17	Fgfr1^tm1Jpa/Fgfr1⁺ Fgfr2^tm1Dor/Fgfr2^tm1.1Dor Twist2^tm1(cre)Dor/Twist2⁺	involves: 129S1/Sv * 129X1/SvJ * C57BL/6	MGI:3813484
cn18	Nfib^tm2Rmg/Nfib^tm2Rmg Twist2^tm1(cre)Dor/Twist2⁺	involves: 129S4/SvJae * 129X1/SvJ * C57BL/6	MGI:5052293
cn19	Ctnnb1^tm1Yy/Ctnnb1^tm1Yy Twist2^tm1(cre)Dor/Twist2⁺	involves: 129S6/SvEvTac * 129X1/SvJ * C57BL/6	MGI:3056292
cn20	Epha4^tm1.1Bzh/Epha4^tm1.1Bzh Tg(Hlxb9-GFP)1Tmj/0 Twist2^tm1(cre)Dor/Twist2⁺	involves: 129S/Sv * C57BL/6J * CD-1 * FVB/N	MGI:6406424
cn21	Mef2c^tm1Eno/Mef2c^tm2Eno Twist2^tm1(cre)Dor/Twist2⁺	involves: 129S/SvEv * 129S7/SvEvBrd * 129X1/SvJ	MGI:3719010
cn22	Fgfr2^tm1Dor/Fgfr2^tm1.1Dor Twist2^tm1(cre)Dor/Twist2⁺	involves: 129X1/SvJ	MGI:3044704
cn23	Ctnna1^tm1Efu/Ctnna1^tm1Efu Twist2^tm1(cre)Dor/Twist2⁺	involves: 129X1/SvJ	MGI:5299326
cn24	Tgfbr2^tm1.2Hlm/Tgfbr2^tm1.2Hlm Twist2^tm1(cre)Dor/Twist2⁺	involves: 129X1/SvJ * C57BL/6	MGI:4943503
cx25	Twist1^tm1Bhr/Twist1⁺ Twist2^tm1(cre)Dor/Twist2⁺	involves: 129/Sv * 129X1/SvJ	MGI:3038295
cx26	Runx2^tm1Mjo/Runx2⁺ Twist2^tm1(cre)Dor/Twist2^tm1(cre)Dor	involves: 129X1/SvJ * C57BL/6	MGI:3582480
cx27	Runx2^tm1Mjo/Runx2⁺ Twist2^tm1(cre)Dor/Twist2⁺	involves: 129X1/SvJ * C57BL/6	MGI:3582481

Allelic Composition	Twist2^tm1(cre)Dor/Twist2^tm1(cre)Dor
Genetic Background	involves: 129/Sv * 129X1/SvJ

Find Mice

Using the International Mouse Strain Resource (IMSR)
Mouse lines carrying:
Twist2^tm1(cre)Dor mutation (0 available); any Twist2 mutation (10 available)

♀	phenotype observed in females
♂	phenotype observed in males
N	normal phenotype

mortality/aging

postnatal lethality, incomplete penetrance ( J:81485 )

• 60% dead by 3 days after birth

adipose tissue

absent subcutaneous adipose tissue ( J:81485 )

• complete absence of subcutaneous fat at the nape of the neck

decreased total body fat amount ( J:81485 )

• amount of subcutaneous fat is prominently reduced

• adipose deficiency and atrophy observed in multiple tissues during neonatal period

abnormal brown fat cell morphology ( J:81485 )

• adipocytes have fewer lipid cytoplasmic vacuoles than wild-type

• interscapular brown fat adipocytes are atrophic in neonatal (2-day old) pups

abnormal interscapular fat pad morphology ( J:81485 )

• interscapular brown fat adipocytes are atrophic in neonatal (2-day old) pups

behavior/neurological

dystonia ( J:81485 )

• prior to death

growth/size/body

cachexia ( J:81485 )

hematopoietic system

abnormal thymus morphology ( J:81485 )

• effacement of normal thymic microarchitecture is observed in neonatal animals (2 days of age)

abnormal thymus cortex morphology ( J:81485 )

• poorly defined in 2-day old pups due to loss of normal thymic architecture

abnormal thymus medulla morphology ( J:81485 )

• poorly defined in 2-day old pups due to loss of normal thymic architecture

thymus atrophy ( J:81485 )

abnormal spleen morphology ( J:81485 )

• spleen shows effacement of the normal architecture due to lymphoid depletion in white pulp

abnormal spleen white pulp morphology ( J:81485 )

• severe lymphoid depletion

homeostasis/metabolism

hypoglycemia ( J:81485 )

• serum glucose is about half of that in wild-type animals at 2 days postnatal

decreased liver glycogen level ( J:81485 )

• hepatic glycogen stores are lost

• glycogen is absent from liver in 2-day old animals but is present prenatally

decreased skeletal muscle glycogen level ( J:81485 )

• glycogen is absent from skeletal muscle in 2-day old animals but is present prenatally

abnormal interleukin level ( J:81485 )

• increased expresssion of IL-1beta and IL-6 in skin and skeletal muscle

abnormal tumor necrosis factor level ( J:81485 )

• increased expression in skin and skeletal muscle

• elevated serum levels

immune system

abnormal thymus morphology ( J:81485 )

• effacement of normal thymic microarchitecture is observed in neonatal animals (2 days of age)

abnormal thymus cortex morphology ( J:81485 )

• poorly defined in 2-day old pups due to loss of normal thymic architecture

abnormal thymus medulla morphology ( J:81485 )

• poorly defined in 2-day old pups due to loss of normal thymic architecture

thymus atrophy ( J:81485 )

abnormal spleen morphology ( J:81485 )

• spleen shows effacement of the normal architecture due to lymphoid depletion in white pulp

abnormal spleen white pulp morphology ( J:81485 )

• severe lymphoid depletion

abnormal interleukin level ( J:81485 )

• increased expresssion of IL-1beta and IL-6 in skin and skeletal muscle

abnormal tumor necrosis factor level ( J:81485 )

• increased expression in skin and skeletal muscle

• elevated serum levels

liver/biliary system

decreased liver glycogen level ( J:81485 )

• hepatic glycogen stores are lost

• glycogen is absent from liver in 2-day old animals but is present prenatally

abnormal hepatocyte morphology ( J:81485 )

• atrophic, with microvesicular vacuolization, consistent with depletion of glycogen stores

muscle

dystonia ( J:81485 )

• prior to death

abnormal skeletal muscle morphology ( J:81485 )

• in 2-day old animals, increase in apoptotic cells is observed; in older pups, myofiber breakdown is observed

decreased skeletal muscle glycogen level ( J:81485 )

• glycogen is absent from skeletal muscle in 2-day old animals but is present prenatally

skeleton

abnormal osteoblast differentiation ( J:90056 )

• at E14, homozygotes display premature osteoblast differentiation and vascular invasion in skeletal elements ossifying through intramembranous (clavicles) or endochondral mechanism (ribs)

• at E14, cuboidal osteocalcin-expressing osteoblasts are organized in bone collar-like structures around the developing ribs in homozygous null but not in wild-type embryos

integument

absent subcutaneous adipose tissue ( J:81485 )

• complete absence of subcutaneous fat at the nape of the neck

sparse hair ( J:81485 )

abnormal hair follicle morphology ( J:81485 )

• distorted shape

decreased hair follicle number ( J:81485 )

thin dermal layer ( J:81485 )

• dermal layer is atrophic due to reduction in adipose tissue leading to striking decrease in dermal thickness

hyperkeratosis ( J:81485 )

• atrophy with hyperkeratosis in the epidermis

epidermal atrophy ( J:81485 )

• atrophy with hyperkeratosis in the epidermis

thin skin ( J:81485 )

cellular

abnormal osteoblast differentiation ( J:90056 )

• at E14, homozygotes display premature osteoblast differentiation and vascular invasion in skeletal elements ossifying through intramembranous (clavicles) or endochondral mechanism (ribs)

• at E14, cuboidal osteocalcin-expressing osteoblasts are organized in bone collar-like structures around the developing ribs in homozygous null but not in wild-type embryos

endocrine/exocrine glands

abnormal thymus morphology ( J:81485 )

• effacement of normal thymic microarchitecture is observed in neonatal animals (2 days of age)

abnormal thymus cortex morphology ( J:81485 )

• poorly defined in 2-day old pups due to loss of normal thymic architecture

abnormal thymus medulla morphology ( J:81485 )

• poorly defined in 2-day old pups due to loss of normal thymic architecture

thymus atrophy ( J:81485 )

Allelic Composition	Twist2^tm1(cre)Dor/Twist2^tm1(cre)Dor
Genetic Background	involves: 129X1/SvJ * C57BL/6

Find Mice

Using the International Mouse Strain Resource (IMSR)
Mouse lines carrying:
Twist2^tm1(cre)Dor mutation (0 available); any Twist2 mutation (10 available)

♀	phenotype observed in females
♂	phenotype observed in males
N	normal phenotype

integument

abnormal skin adnexa morphology ( J:169191 )

• mice lack epidermal appendages unlike wild-type mice

decreased subcutaneous adipose tissue amount ( J:169191 )

abnormal hair growth ( J:169191 )

• eyelashes are sparse or absent (lower lashes are absent) unlike in wild-type mice

alopecia ( J:169191 )

• between the ears and eyes

loss of eyelid cilia ( J:169191 )

• lower lashes are absent

sparse hair ( J:169191 )

abnormal dermal layer morphology ( J:169191 )

• mice exhibit hypoplastic dermis unlike wild-type mice

absent Meibomian glands ( J:169191 )

• mice exhibit absent or hypoplastic Meibomian glands unlike wild-type mice

Meibomian gland hypoplasia ( J:169191 )

• mice exhibit absent or hypoplastic Meibomian glands unlike wild-type mice

skin lesions ( J:169191 )

• mice exhibit bitemporal lesions unlike wild-type mice

thin skin ( J:169191 )

vision/eye

abnormal eye morphology ( J:169191 )

absent Meibomian glands ( J:169191 )

• mice exhibit absent or hypoplastic Meibomian glands unlike wild-type mice

Meibomian gland hypoplasia ( J:169191 )

• mice exhibit absent or hypoplastic Meibomian glands unlike wild-type mice

loss of eyelid cilia ( J:169191 )

• lower lashes are absent

craniofacial

abnormal craniofacial morphology ( J:169191 )

narrow snout ( J:169191 )

• snout is narrow

lowered ear position ( J:169191 )

• ears are dysmorphic and low-set unlike wild-type mice

endocrine/exocrine glands

absent Meibomian glands ( J:169191 )

• mice exhibit absent or hypoplastic Meibomian glands unlike wild-type mice

Meibomian gland hypoplasia ( J:169191 )

• mice exhibit absent or hypoplastic Meibomian glands unlike wild-type mice

hearing/vestibular/ear

lowered ear position ( J:169191 )

• ears are dysmorphic and low-set unlike wild-type mice

adipose tissue

decreased subcutaneous adipose tissue amount ( J:169191 )

growth/size/body

abnormal head morphology ( J:169191 )

• mice exhibit short anterior-posterior head diameters compared with wild-type mice

narrow snout ( J:169191 )

• snout is narrow

lowered ear position ( J:169191 )

• ears are dysmorphic and low-set unlike wild-type mice

Allelic Composition	Twist2^tm1(cre)Dor/Twist2⁺
Genetic Background	involves: 129X1/SvJ

Find Mice

Using the International Mouse Strain Resource (IMSR)
Mouse lines carrying:
Twist2^tm1(cre)Dor mutation (0 available); any Twist2 mutation (10 available)

♀	phenotype observed in females
♂	phenotype observed in males
N	normal phenotype

normal phenotype

no abnormal phenotype detected ( J:90391 )

• mice were reported to be phenotypically normal

Allelic Composition	Mirc32^tm1.1Jtm/Mirc32^tm1.1Jtm Twist2^tm1(cre)Dor/Twist2⁺
Genetic Background	B6.129(Cg)-Twist2^{tm1.1(cre)Dor} Mirc32^tm1.1Jtm

Find Mice

Using the International Mouse Strain Resource (IMSR)
Mouse lines carrying:
Mirc32^tm1.1Jtm mutation (1 available); any Mirc32 mutation (3 available)
Twist2^tm1(cre)Dor mutation (0 available); any Twist2 mutation (10 available)

♀	phenotype observed in females
♂	phenotype observed in males
N	normal phenotype

digestive/alimentary system

abnormal intestinal mucosa morphology ( J:214382 )

• lamina propia myofibroblasts within the ulcers of DSS treated (+ 2 days recovery) mice are disorganized and fail to elongate along the basal-luminal axis

abnormal large intestine crypts of Lieberkuhn morphology ( J:214382 )

• intestinal crypts do not regenerate in DSS treated (+ 2 days recovery) mice

intestinal ulcer ( J:214382 )

• observed in DSS treated (+ 2 days recovery) mice

abnormal colon morphology ( J:214382 )

• colons from DSS treated (+ 2 days recovery) mice remain hemorrhagic , necrotic and lack hyper proliferative crypts

colonic necrosis ( J:214382 )

• observed in DSS treated (+ 2 days recovery) mice

impaired intestine regeneration ( J:214382 )

• intestinal crypts do not regenerate in DSS treated (+ 2 days recovery) mice

• pH3+ (a mitotic marker) cells are restricted to crypt base and are reduced in number

increased susceptibility to induced colitis ( J:214382 )

• intestinal crypts do not regenerate in DSS treated (+ 2 days recovery) mice

endocrine/exocrine glands

abnormal large intestine crypts of Lieberkuhn morphology ( J:214382 )

• intestinal crypts do not regenerate in DSS treated (+ 2 days recovery) mice

immune system

increased susceptibility to induced colitis ( J:214382 )

• intestinal crypts do not regenerate in DSS treated (+ 2 days recovery) mice

mortality/aging

abnormal susceptibility to induced morbidity/mortality ( J:214382 )

• 50% of mice die within 3 days following the completion of 5 days (D5+3) of DSS treatment

• control mice exhibit almost complete recovery of intestinal mucosal architecture 9 days after DSS treatment

Allelic Composition	Robo1^tm1Matl/Robo1^tm1Matl Robo2^tm1Rilm/Robo2^tm1Rilm Twist2^tm1(cre)Dor/Twist2⁺
Genetic Background	involves: 129 * 129X1/SvJ

Find Mice

Using the International Mouse Strain Resource (IMSR)
Mouse lines carrying:
Robo1^tm1Matl mutation (2 available); any Robo1 mutation (87 available)
Robo2^tm1Rilm mutation (1 available); any Robo2 mutation (101 available)
Twist2^tm1(cre)Dor mutation (0 available); any Twist2 mutation (10 available)

♀	phenotype observed in females
♂	phenotype observed in males
N	normal phenotype

mortality/aging

neonatal lethality ( J:193400 )

digestive/alimentary system

abnormal foregut morphology ( J:193400 )

• closer attachment of foregut to the body wall

small esophagus ( J:193400 )

• shorter

muscle

diaphragmatic hernia ( J:193400 )

• protrusion of the abdominal organs into the chest (stomach or liver)

respiratory system

respiratory failure ( J:193400 )

• inability to inflate lungs at birth

Allelic Composition	Hdac8^tm1.1Eno/Y Twist2^tm1(cre)Dor/Twist2⁺
Genetic Background	involves: 129 * C57BL/6 * CD-1 * SJL

Find Mice

Using the International Mouse Strain Resource (IMSR)
Mouse lines carrying:
Hdac8^tm1.1Eno mutation (0 available); any Hdac8 mutation (10 available)
Twist2^tm1(cre)Dor mutation (0 available); any Twist2 mutation (10 available)

♀	phenotype observed in females
♂	phenotype observed in males
N	normal phenotype

normal phenotype

no abnormal phenotype detected ( J:150709 )

• no abnormal phenotype is detected in skull development

Allelic Composition	Fgf10^tm1Ska/Fgf10^tm1Sms Gt(ROSA)26Sor^tm1Sor/Gt(ROSA)26Sor⁺ Twist2^tm1(cre)Dor/Twist2⁺
Genetic Background	involves: 129S1/Sv * 129S4/SvJaeSor * 129X1/SvJ * C57BL/6 * CBA

Find Mice

Using the International Mouse Strain Resource (IMSR)
Mouse lines carrying:
Fgf10^tm1Ska mutation (1 available); any Fgf10 mutation (33 available)
Fgf10^tm1Sms mutation (0 available); any Fgf10 mutation (33 available)
Gt(ROSA)26Sor^tm1Sor mutation (7 available); any Gt(ROSA)26Sor mutation (993 available)
Twist2^tm1(cre)Dor mutation (0 available); any Twist2 mutation (10 available)

♀	phenotype observed in females
♂	phenotype observed in males
N	normal phenotype

respiratory system

lung hemorrhage ( J:150706 )

• E17.5 embryos often have hemorrhaging in the lung

abnormal lung development ( J:150706 )

• at E12, moderate increases in apoptosis are observed in the primary bronchi of both lungs

• cell death extended farther into the medial and accessory branches and there was a small area of ectopic death observed in the mesenchyme of either the vestigial rostral lobe or at the distal tip of the accessory lobe

impaired branching involved in bronchus morphogenesis ( J:150706 )

• all lobes exhibit reduced branching following outgrowth of the initial branch that established the lobe

• mesenchymal protrusions without an accompanying epithelial branch are occasionally observed during embryonic development

• such protrusions are observed only in the right lung in positions that correspond to lobes

abnormal lung lobe morphology ( J:150706 )

• at E17.5, mutant lobes are smaller and much flatter than control lobes

abnormal right lung accessory lobe morphology ( J:150706 )

• at E12.5, the accessory lobe is reduced in size and often misshapen

abnormal right lung cranial lobe morphology ( J:150706 )

• most E11.5 embryos have a reduction or absence of the nascent rostral lobe

• at E12.5, the rostral lobe is absent in the majority of mice

abnormal right lung middle lobe morphology ( J:150706 )

• at E12.5, the medial lobe is reduced in size and often misshapen

small lung lobe ( J:150706 )

• at E17.5, mutant lobes are smaller than control lobes

small lung ( J:150706 )

• at E12.5, mutant lungs are smaller than control lungs

pulmonary hypoplasia ( J:150706 )

• at E17.5, mutant lungs are severely hypoplastic

cardiovascular system

lung hemorrhage ( J:150706 )

• E17.5 embryos often have hemorrhaging in the lung

Allelic Composition	Lrp6^tm1.1Vari/Lrp6^tm1.1Vari Twist2^tm1(cre)Dor/Twist2⁺
Genetic Background	involves: 129S1/Sv * 129X1/SvJ

Find Mice

Using the International Mouse Strain Resource (IMSR)
Mouse lines carrying:
Lrp6^tm1.1Vari mutation (1 available); any Lrp6 mutation (95 available)
Twist2^tm1(cre)Dor mutation (0 available); any Twist2 mutation (10 available)

♀	phenotype observed in females
♂	phenotype observed in males
N	normal phenotype

skeleton

skeleton phenotype ( J:178499 )

N	• mice exhibit relatively normal skeleton

delayed bone ossification ( J:178499 )

• at E17.5, mice exhibit a slight delay in ossification of the skull compared with control mice

Allelic Composition	Twist2^tm1(cre)Dor/Twist2⁺ Wnt7b^tm1Parr/Wnt7b^tm2Amc
Genetic Background	involves: 129S1/Sv * 129X1/SvJ

Find Mice

Using the International Mouse Strain Resource (IMSR)
Mouse lines carrying:
Twist2^tm1(cre)Dor mutation (0 available); any Twist2 mutation (10 available)
Wnt7b^tm1Parr mutation (1 available); any Wnt7b mutation (17 available)
Wnt7b^tm2Amc mutation (1 available); any Wnt7b mutation (17 available)

♀	phenotype observed in females
♂	phenotype observed in males
N	normal phenotype

skeleton

abnormal osteoblast differentiation ( J:117333 )

• calvaria cells from neonates and bone marrow stromal cells from adults produce fewer bone nodules than wild-type cells

decreased width of hypertrophic chondrocyte zone ( J:117333 )

• at E15.5

abnormal bone ossification ( J:117333 )

• at E15.5, ossification if diminished compared to in wild-type mice

• bone collars of long bones are shorter than in wild-type mice

• at E18.5, skulls exhibit decreased ossification compared to in wild-type mice

cellular

abnormal osteoblast differentiation ( J:117333 )

• calvaria cells from neonates and bone marrow stromal cells from adults produce fewer bone nodules than wild-type cells

Allelic Composition	Lrp5^tm1.1Vari/Lrp5^tm1.2Vari Twist2^tm1(cre)Dor/Twist2⁺
Genetic Background	involves: 129S1/Sv * 129X1/SvJ

Find Mice

Using the International Mouse Strain Resource (IMSR)
Mouse lines carrying:
Lrp5^tm1.1Vari mutation (1 available); any Lrp5 mutation (82 available)
Lrp5^tm1.2Vari mutation (0 available); any Lrp5 mutation (82 available)
Twist2^tm1(cre)Dor mutation (0 available); any Twist2 mutation (10 available)

♀	phenotype observed in females
♂	phenotype observed in males
N	normal phenotype

skeleton

skeleton phenotype ( J:178499 )

N	• mice exhibit relatively normal skeleton

Allelic Composition	Lrp6^tm1.1Vari/Lrp6^tm1.2Vari Twist2^tm1(cre)Dor/Twist2⁺
Genetic Background	involves: 129S1/Sv * 129X1/SvJ

Find Mice

Using the International Mouse Strain Resource (IMSR)
Mouse lines carrying:
Lrp6^tm1.1Vari mutation (1 available); any Lrp6 mutation (95 available)
Lrp6^tm1.2Vari mutation (0 available); any Lrp6 mutation (95 available)
Twist2^tm1(cre)Dor mutation (0 available); any Twist2 mutation (10 available)

♀	phenotype observed in females
♂	phenotype observed in males
N	normal phenotype

skeleton

skeleton phenotype ( J:178499 )

N	• mice exhibit relatively normal skeleton

delayed bone ossification ( J:178499 )

• at E17.5, mice exhibit a slight delay in ossification of the skull compared with control mice

Allelic Composition	Lrp5^tm1.1Vari/Lrp5^tm1.1Vari Lrp6^tm1.1Vari/Lrp6^tm1.1Vari Twist2^tm1(cre)Dor/Twist2⁺
Genetic Background	involves: 129S1/Sv * 129X1/SvJ

Find Mice

Using the International Mouse Strain Resource (IMSR)
Mouse lines carrying:
Lrp5^tm1.1Vari mutation (1 available); any Lrp5 mutation (82 available)
Lrp6^tm1.1Vari mutation (1 available); any Lrp6 mutation (95 available)
Twist2^tm1(cre)Dor mutation (0 available); any Twist2 mutation (10 available)

♀	phenotype observed in females
♂	phenotype observed in males
N	normal phenotype

mortality/aging

neonatal lethality, complete penetrance ( J:178499 )

• mice die shortly after birth

skeleton

abnormal skeleton morphology ( J:178499 )

• all skeletal elements are shortened

abnormal cranium morphology ( J:178499 )

split sternum ( J:178499 )

abnormal bone structure ( J:178499 )

• mice exhibit partial bone collar

abnormal trabecular bone morphology ( J:178499 )

• absent

abnormal cartilage morphology ( J:178499 )

• mice exhibit extra cartilage elements (typically 4) in the zeugopod and in some autopods

ectopic cartilage ( J:178499 )

• at the diaphysis

abnormal epiphyseal plate morphology ( J:178499 )

abnormal bone ossification ( J:178499 )

• profound defect in ossification of the craniofacial, the rest of the axial, and the appendicular skeleton

• partial ossification of the scapula and ileum

• however, some ossification of zeugopod elements and other skeletal elements is observed

growth/size/body

decreased body size ( J:178499 )

limbs/digits/tail

abnormal limb morphology ( J:178499 )

craniofacial

abnormal cranium morphology ( J:178499 )

Allelic Composition	Lrp5^tm1.2Vari/Lrp5^tm1.2Vari Lrp6^tm1.1Vari/Lrp6^tm1.1Vari Twist2^tm1(cre)Dor/Twist2⁺
Genetic Background	involves: 129S1/Sv * 129X1/SvJ

Find Mice

Using the International Mouse Strain Resource (IMSR)
Mouse lines carrying:
Lrp5^tm1.2Vari mutation (0 available); any Lrp5 mutation (82 available)
Lrp6^tm1.1Vari mutation (1 available); any Lrp6 mutation (95 available)
Twist2^tm1(cre)Dor mutation (0 available); any Twist2 mutation (10 available)

♀	phenotype observed in females
♂	phenotype observed in males
N	normal phenotype

mortality/aging

neonatal lethality, complete penetrance ( J:178499 )

• mice die shortly after birth

skeleton

abnormal skeleton morphology ( J:178499 )

• all skeletal elements are shortened

abnormal cranium morphology ( J:178499 )

split sternum ( J:178499 )

abnormal bone structure ( J:178499 )

• mice exhibit partial bone collar

abnormal osteoblast differentiation ( J:178499 )

• mature osteoblasts fail to form

abnormal trabecular bone morphology ( J:178499 )

• absent

abnormal cartilage morphology ( J:178499 )

• mice exhibit extra cartilage elements (typically 4) in the zeugopod and in some autopods

ectopic cartilage ( J:178499 )

• at the diaphysis and surrounding the marrow cavity

abnormal joint morphology ( J:178499 )

• mice lack joints at multiple locations including the knees

abnormal epiphyseal plate morphology ( J:178499 )

decreased width of hypertrophic chondrocyte zone ( J:178499 )

• at E14.5, mice exhibit a delay in chondrocyte hypertrophy

abnormal bone ossification ( J:178499 )

• profound defect in ossification of the craniofacial, the rest of the axial, and the appendicular skeleton

• partial ossification of the scapula and ileum

failure of bone ossification ( J:178499 )

• except for the scapula and ileum

growth/size/body

decreased body size ( J:178499 )

cellular

abnormal osteoblast differentiation ( J:178499 )

• mature osteoblasts fail to form

limbs/digits/tail

abnormal limb morphology ( J:178499 )

• mice exhibit an additional element bridging the zeugopod and stylopod

craniofacial

abnormal cranium morphology ( J:178499 )

Allelic Composition	Ctnnb1^tm2Kem/Ctnnb1^tm2Kem Twist2^tm1(cre)Dor/Twist2⁺
Genetic Background	involves: 129S1/Sv * 129X1/SvJ

Find Mice

Using the International Mouse Strain Resource (IMSR)
Mouse lines carrying:
Ctnnb1^tm2Kem mutation (1 available); any Ctnnb1 mutation (49 available)
Twist2^tm1(cre)Dor mutation (0 available); any Twist2 mutation (10 available)

♀	phenotype observed in females
♂	phenotype observed in males
N	normal phenotype

skeleton

abnormal skeleton morphology ( J:178499 )

• all skeletal elements are shortened

split sternum ( J:178499 )

• unfused sterna

abnormal bone structure ( J:178499 )

• at E18.5, mice exhibit a slight shortening of the bone collar in the long bones

• mice lack bones

arrested osteoblast differentiation ( J:178499 )

• mature osteoblasts fail to form

abnormal cartilage morphology ( J:178499 )

• mice exhibit extra cartilage elements in the limbs

ectopic cartilage ( J:178499 )

• from the diaphyseal perichondrium into the marrow cavity

abnormal joint morphology ( J:178499 )

• mice lack joints at multiple locations including the knees

failure of bone ossification ( J:178499 )

• except for the scapula and ileum

cellular

arrested osteoblast differentiation ( J:178499 )

• mature osteoblasts fail to form

Allelic Composition	Fgfr1^tm1Jpa/Fgfr1^tm1.1Jpa Fgfr2^tm1Dor/Fgfr2^tm1.1Dor Twist2^tm1(cre)Dor/Twist2⁺
Genetic Background	involves: 129S1/Sv * 129X1/SvJ * C57BL/6

Find Mice

Using the International Mouse Strain Resource (IMSR)
Mouse lines carrying:
Fgfr1^tm1.1Jpa mutation (0 available); any Fgfr1 mutation (223 available)
Fgfr1^tm1Jpa mutation (0 available); any Fgfr1 mutation (223 available)
Fgfr2^tm1.1Dor mutation (0 available); any Fgfr2 mutation (90 available)
Fgfr2^tm1Dor mutation (3 available); any Fgfr2 mutation (90 available)
Twist2^tm1(cre)Dor mutation (0 available); any Twist2 mutation (10 available)

♀	phenotype observed in females
♂	phenotype observed in males
N	normal phenotype

digestive/alimentary system

abnormal small intestine morphology ( J:139005 )

• there is about a third reduction in the length of the small intestine at E18.5 compared to controls

abnormal small intestine crypts of Lieberkuhn morphology ( J:139005 )

• premature crypt-like structures occur in the small intestine of E18.5 embryos before the appearance of paneth cells

abnormal digestive system physiology ( J:139005 )

• proliferation of fibroblasts found in the proximal and distal small intestine mesenchyme is significantly reduced at E18.5

endocrine/exocrine glands

abnormal small intestine crypts of Lieberkuhn morphology ( J:139005 )

• premature crypt-like structures occur in the small intestine of E18.5 embryos before the appearance of paneth cells

Allelic Composition	Fgfr1^tm1Jpa/Fgfr1^tm1.1Jpa Fgfr2^tm1Dor/Fgfr2⁺ Twist2^tm1(cre)Dor/Twist2⁺
Genetic Background	involves: 129S1/Sv * 129X1/SvJ * C57BL/6

Find Mice

Using the International Mouse Strain Resource (IMSR)
Mouse lines carrying:
Fgfr1^tm1.1Jpa mutation (0 available); any Fgfr1 mutation (223 available)
Fgfr1^tm1Jpa mutation (0 available); any Fgfr1 mutation (223 available)
Fgfr2^tm1Dor mutation (3 available); any Fgfr2 mutation (90 available)
Twist2^tm1(cre)Dor mutation (0 available); any Twist2 mutation (10 available)

♀	phenotype observed in females
♂	phenotype observed in males
N	normal phenotype

digestive/alimentary system

abnormal small intestine morphology ( J:139005 )

• there is about a 15% reduction in the length of the small intestine at E18.5 compared to controls

Allelic Composition	Fgfr1^tm1Jpa/Fgfr1⁺ Fgfr2^tm1Dor/Fgfr2^tm1.1Dor Twist2^tm1(cre)Dor/Twist2⁺
Genetic Background	involves: 129S1/Sv * 129X1/SvJ * C57BL/6

Find Mice

Using the International Mouse Strain Resource (IMSR)
Mouse lines carrying:
Fgfr1^tm1Jpa mutation (0 available); any Fgfr1 mutation (223 available)
Fgfr2^tm1.1Dor mutation (0 available); any Fgfr2 mutation (90 available)
Fgfr2^tm1Dor mutation (3 available); any Fgfr2 mutation (90 available)
Twist2^tm1(cre)Dor mutation (0 available); any Twist2 mutation (10 available)

♀	phenotype observed in females
♂	phenotype observed in males
N	normal phenotype

digestive/alimentary system

abnormal small intestine morphology ( J:139005 )

• there is about a 15% reduction in the length of the small intestine at E18.5 compared to controls

Allelic Composition	Nfib^tm2Rmg/Nfib^tm2Rmg Twist2^tm1(cre)Dor/Twist2⁺
Genetic Background	involves: 129S4/SvJae * 129X1/SvJ * C57BL/6

Find Mice

Using the International Mouse Strain Resource (IMSR)
Mouse lines carrying:
Nfib^tm2Rmg mutation (1 available); any Nfib mutation (91 available)
Twist2^tm1(cre)Dor mutation (0 available); any Twist2 mutation (10 available)

♀	phenotype observed in females
♂	phenotype observed in males
N	normal phenotype

mortality/aging

perinatal lethality, complete penetrance ( J:173651 )

• despite normal Mendelian ratios at E18.5, no live born mice are recovered at P0

respiratory system

abnormal lung morphology ( J:173651 )

• at E16.5 and E18.5, lungs exhibit aberrant clefts unlike in wild-type mice

enlarged lung ( J:173651 )

abnormal lung development ( J:173651 )

• mice exhibit decreased differentiation of epithelial type I, type II, and ciliated cells compared to in wild-type mice

abnormal lung saccule morphology ( J:173651 )

• at E18.5

abnormal respiratory system physiology ( J:173651 )

• at E16.5 and E18.5, lung cells exhibit increased in epithelial (Ttf1+) and mesenchymal (Ttf1-) cell proliferation compared with cells mice

growth/size/body

enlarged lung ( J:173651 )

Allelic Composition	Ctnnb1^tm1Yy/Ctnnb1^tm1Yy Twist2^tm1(cre)Dor/Twist2⁺
Genetic Background	involves: 129S6/SvEvTac * 129X1/SvJ * C57BL/6

Find Mice

Using the International Mouse Strain Resource (IMSR)
Mouse lines carrying:
Ctnnb1^tm1Yy mutation (0 available); any Ctnnb1 mutation (49 available)
Twist2^tm1(cre)Dor mutation (0 available); any Twist2 mutation (10 available)

♀	phenotype observed in females
♂	phenotype observed in males
N	normal phenotype

skeleton

fused synovial joints ( J:93028 )

• fused joints are seen in the elbow, hip, knee, ankle, and digit regions

Allelic Composition	Epha4^tm1.1Bzh/Epha4^tm1.1Bzh Tg(Hlxb9-GFP)1Tmj/0 Twist2^tm1(cre)Dor/Twist2⁺
Genetic Background	involves: 129S/Sv * C57BL/6J * CD-1 * FVB/N

Find Mice

Using the International Mouse Strain Resource (IMSR)
Mouse lines carrying:
Epha4^tm1.1Bzh mutation (1 available); any Epha4 mutation (67 available)
Tg(Hlxb9-GFP)1Tmj mutation (3 available)
Twist2^tm1(cre)Dor mutation (0 available); any Twist2 mutation (10 available)

♀	phenotype observed in females
♂	phenotype observed in males
N	normal phenotype

nervous system

abnormal innervation ( J:243785 )

• the abducens nerve exits the hindbrain with fewer nerve bundles, which initially wander in the mesenchymal area adjacent to the hindbrain exit before completely stalling in the mesenchyme leading to a reduction in abducens length and complete lack of both abducens innervation near the orbit and aberrant tracking with the facial nerve

• however, trochlear nerve and first cervical spine projections are normal

Allelic Composition	Mef2c^tm1Eno/Mef2c^tm2Eno Twist2^tm1(cre)Dor/Twist2⁺
Genetic Background	involves: 129S/SvEv * 129S7/SvEvBrd * 129X1/SvJ

Find Mice

Using the International Mouse Strain Resource (IMSR)
Mouse lines carrying:
Mef2c^tm1Eno mutation (0 available); any Mef2c mutation (34 available)
Mef2c^tm2Eno mutation (0 available); any Mef2c mutation (34 available)
Twist2^tm1(cre)Dor mutation (0 available); any Twist2 mutation (10 available)

♀	phenotype observed in females
♂	phenotype observed in males
N	normal phenotype

mortality/aging

postnatal lethality, complete penetrance ( J:119152 )

• none survive beyond the first week of life

respiratory system

respiratory distress ( J:119152 )

• some mutants have difficulty breathing, evidenced by gasping and accumulation of air in the intestines

skeleton

short fibula ( J:119152 )

• truncation of the fibula is severe

short tibia ( J:119152 )

• truncation of the tibia is severe

abnormal trabecular bone morphology ( J:119152 )

• sternum and radius show completely absence of trabeculated bone

abnormal endochondral bone ossification ( J:119152 )

• mutants exhibit severe defects in ossification on nearly all endochondral bones, especially in the sternum

• ossification of the bone collar appears disorganized

• defects in endochondral ossification result from a failure of chondrocyte hypertrophy

failure of endochondral bone ossification ( J:119152 )

• vertebral bodies and the supraoccipital bone fail to ossify and many phalangeal bones of the digits lack ossification

limbs/digits/tail

short fibula ( J:119152 )

• truncation of the fibula is severe

short tibia ( J:119152 )

• truncation of the tibia is severe

short limbs ( J:119152 )

Allelic Composition	Fgfr2^tm1Dor/Fgfr2^tm1.1Dor Twist2^tm1(cre)Dor/Twist2⁺
Genetic Background	involves: 129X1/SvJ

Find Mice

Using the International Mouse Strain Resource (IMSR)
Mouse lines carrying:
Fgfr2^tm1.1Dor mutation (0 available); any Fgfr2 mutation (90 available)
Fgfr2^tm1Dor mutation (3 available); any Fgfr2 mutation (90 available)
Twist2^tm1(cre)Dor mutation (0 available); any Twist2 mutation (10 available)

♀	phenotype observed in females
♂	phenotype observed in males
N	normal phenotype

cellular

abnormal osteoclast differentiation ( J:90391 )

• osteoclasts were more mature (larger) than in control mice, but osteoclast activity did not differ from that of wild-type

decreased cell proliferation ( J:90391 )

• impaired osteoblast proliferation

• no increase in osteoblast apoptosis

abnormal osteoblast physiology ( J:90391 )

• the mineral apposition rate (MAR) was undetectable at 3 and 4 weeks of age

craniofacial

domed cranium ( J:90391 )

growth/size/body

disproportionate dwarf ( J:90391 )

• characterized by reduced bone growth

postnatal growth retardation ( J:90391 )

• mice were 40% to 50% smaller than wild-type controls at 4 weeks of age

• normal growth resumed but adult mice remained 30% to 40% smaller than wild-type controls

limbs/digits/tail

short femur ( J:90391 )

• reduced length

skeleton

abnormal osteoblast physiology ( J:90391 )

• the mineral apposition rate (MAR) was undetectable at 3 and 4 weeks of age

abnormal appendicular skeleton morphology ( J:90391 )

• shortened appendicular skeleton

short femur ( J:90391 )

• reduced length

abnormal long bone metaphysis morphology ( J:90391 )

• 40% decrease in metaphyseal area due to a reduction in the trabecular zone length and width

abnormal axial skeleton morphology ( J:90391 )

• shortened axial skeleton

domed cranium ( J:90391 )

abnormal vertebrae morphology ( J:90391 )

abnormal thoracic vertebrae morphology ( J:90391 )

abnormal cervical vertebrae morphology ( J:90391 )

abnormal vertebrae development ( J:90391 )

• observed in some mice

• non-ossified gap in the dorsal midline of both the cervical and thoracic vertebrae

absent vertebral spinous process ( J:90391 )

decreased bone mineral density ( J:90391 )

• bone mineral density was reduced in all mice

• though density increased with age, it remained decreased relative to that of wild-type

decreased osteoblast cell number ( J:90391 )

• while osteoblast differentiation was not affected, osteogenic regions contained fewer osteoblasts due to impaired proliferation

abnormal joint morphology ( J:90391 )

• several tarsal joins failed to develop, putatively due to a a failure of cavitation of the cartilaginous anlage prior to ossificiation of these bones

abnormal skeleton development ( J:90391 )

• skeletal dwarfism and decreased bone density

• decreased amount of trabecular bone; in some cases it was absent

abnormal osteoclast differentiation ( J:90391 )

• osteoclasts were more mature (larger) than in control mice, but osteoclast activity did not differ from that of wild-type

abnormal long bone hypertrophic chondrocyte zone ( J:90391 )

• reduced hypertrophic chondrocyte zone

hematopoietic system

abnormal osteoclast differentiation ( J:90391 )

• osteoclasts were more mature (larger) than in control mice, but osteoclast activity did not differ from that of wild-type

immune system

abnormal osteoclast differentiation ( J:90391 )

• osteoclasts were more mature (larger) than in control mice, but osteoclast activity did not differ from that of wild-type

Allelic Composition	Ctnna1^tm1Efu/Ctnna1^tm1Efu Twist2^tm1(cre)Dor/Twist2⁺
Genetic Background	involves: 129X1/SvJ

Find Mice

Using the International Mouse Strain Resource (IMSR)
Mouse lines carrying:
Ctnna1^tm1Efu mutation (1 available); any Ctnna1 mutation (133 available)
Twist2^tm1(cre)Dor mutation (0 available); any Twist2 mutation (10 available)

♀	phenotype observed in females
♂	phenotype observed in males
N	normal phenotype

skeleton

abnormal skeleton development ( J:178499 )

• mice exhibit minimal effects on prenatal skeletal development

decreased width of hypertrophic chondrocyte zone ( J:178499 )

• at E15, mice exhibit a delay in chondrocyte hypertrophy

delayed intramembranous bone ossification ( J:178499 )

• at E18.5, ossification in the skull is slightly delayed

Allelic Composition	Tgfbr2^tm1.2Hlm/Tgfbr2^tm1.2Hlm Twist2^tm1(cre)Dor/Twist2⁺
Genetic Background	involves: 129X1/SvJ * C57BL/6

Find Mice

Using the International Mouse Strain Resource (IMSR)
Mouse lines carrying:
Tgfbr2^tm1.2Hlm mutation (0 available); any Tgfbr2 mutation (40 available)
Twist2^tm1(cre)Dor mutation (0 available); any Twist2 mutation (10 available)

♀	phenotype observed in females
♂	phenotype observed in males
N	normal phenotype

mortality/aging

lethality throughout fetal growth and development, complete penetrance ( J:143910 )

• fetuses die by E16-E17 due to multi-organ abnormalities

respiratory system

abnormal branching involved in lung morphogenesis ( J:143910 )

• epithelial branching morphogenesis is disrupted causing cystic malformations in proximal airways

• however, lung epithelial cell identity and differentiation remain unaffected

abnormal lung lobe morphology ( J:143910 )

• at E15.5, both the shape and size of lung lobes is abnormal

• however, the overall process of lobation and number of lobes are normal

abnormal bronchus morphology ( J:143910 )

• abnormal epithelial morphogenesis results in cystic, dilated bronchi that lack parabronchial smooth muscle cells

abnormal bronchial cartilage morphology ( J:143910 )

• at E15.5, the first and the second generation bronchi are devoid of cartilage

dilated respiratory conducting tube ( J:143910 )

• at E15.5, fetuses display large, dilated proximal airways lined with columnar epithelial cells

abnormal tracheal cartilage morphology ( J:143910 )

• at E15.5, both the number and shape of tracheal cartilage is abnormal

decreased tracheal cartilage ring number ( J:143910 )

• at E15.5, the number of tracheal cartilage rings appears to be reduced

skeleton

abnormal tracheal cartilage morphology ( J:143910 )

• at E15.5, both the number and shape of tracheal cartilage is abnormal

decreased tracheal cartilage ring number ( J:143910 )

• at E15.5, the number of tracheal cartilage rings appears to be reduced

Allelic Composition	Twist1^tm1Bhr/Twist1⁺ Twist2^tm1(cre)Dor/Twist2⁺
Genetic Background	involves: 129/Sv * 129X1/SvJ

Find Mice

Using the International Mouse Strain Resource (IMSR)
Mouse lines carrying:
Twist1^tm1Bhr mutation (4 available); any Twist1 mutation (18 available)
Twist2^tm1(cre)Dor mutation (0 available); any Twist2 mutation (10 available)

♀	phenotype observed in females
♂	phenotype observed in males
N	normal phenotype

mortality/aging

neonatal lethality, incomplete penetrance ( J:81485 )

• observed lethality is similar to that of Twist2^tm1(cre)Dor homozygotes

growth/size/body

cachexia ( J:81485 )

• postnatal wasting is similar to Twist2^tm1(cre)Dor homozygotes

muscle

abnormal skeletal muscle morphology ( J:81485 )

• in 2-day old animals, increase in apoptotic cells is observed; in older pups, myofiber breakdown is observed

Allelic Composition	Runx2^tm1Mjo/Runx2⁺ Twist2^tm1(cre)Dor/Twist2^tm1(cre)Dor
Genetic Background	involves: 129X1/SvJ * C57BL/6

Find Mice

Using the International Mouse Strain Resource (IMSR)
Mouse lines carrying:
Runx2^tm1Mjo mutation (0 available); any Runx2 mutation (44 available)
Twist2^tm1(cre)Dor mutation (0 available); any Twist2 mutation (10 available)

♀	phenotype observed in females
♂	phenotype observed in males
N	normal phenotype

skeleton

skeleton phenotype ( J:90056 )

N	• newborns heterozygous for Runx2^tm1Mjo and homozygotes for Twist2^tm1Dor exhibit an almost complete rescue of the clavicle hypoplasia characteristic of Runx2^tm1Mjo heterozygotes

small interparietal bone ( J:90056 )

• similar to Runx2^tm1Mjo heterozygotes, newborns heterozygous for Runx2^tm1Mjo and homozygotes for Twist2^tm1Dor exhibit a reduction in the size of the intraparietal bone

delayed fontanelle closure ( J:90056 )

• similar to Runx2^tm1Mjo heterozygotes, newborns heterozygous for Runx2^tm1Mjo and homozygotes for Twist2^tm1Dor display a delay in closure of the fontanelles

craniofacial

small interparietal bone ( J:90056 )

• similar to Runx2^tm1Mjo heterozygotes, newborns heterozygous for Runx2^tm1Mjo and homozygotes for Twist2^tm1Dor exhibit a reduction in the size of the intraparietal bone

Allelic Composition	Runx2^tm1Mjo/Runx2⁺ Twist2^tm1(cre)Dor/Twist2⁺
Genetic Background	involves: 129X1/SvJ * C57BL/6

Find Mice

♀	phenotype observed in females
♂	phenotype observed in males
N	normal phenotype

skeleton

clavicle hypoplasia ( J:90056 )

• similar to Runx2^tm1Mjo heterozygotes, newborn mice doubly heterozygous for Runx2^tm1Mjo and Twist2^tm1Dor display hypoplastic clavicles

Contributing Projects: Mouse Genome Database (MGD), Gene Expression Database (GXD), Mouse Models of Human Cancer database (MMHCdb) (formerly Mouse Tumor Biology (MTB)), Gene Ontology (GO)
Citing These Resources Funding Information Warranty Disclaimer, Privacy Notice, Licensing, & Copyright Send questions and comments to User Support.	last database update 11/12/2024 MGI 6.24