All Phenotypes Twist2<tm1(cre)Dor> MGI Mouse

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Phenotypes associated with this allele

Allele Symbol
Allele Name
Allele ID

Twist2^tm1(cre)Dor
targeted mutation 1, David M Ornitz
MGI:3044412

Summary

27 genotypes

Jump to	Allelic Composition	Genetic Background	Genotype ID
hm1	Twist2^tm1(cre)Dor/Twist2^tm1(cre)Dor	involves: 129/Sv * 129X1/SvJ	MGI:3038292
hm2	Twist2^tm1(cre)Dor/Twist2^tm1(cre)Dor	involves: 129X1/SvJ * C57BL/6	MGI:4942182
ht3	Twist2^tm1(cre)Dor/Twist2⁺	involves: 129X1/SvJ	MGI:3044686
cn4	Mirc32^tm1.1Jtm/Mirc32^tm1.1Jtm Twist2^tm1(cre)Dor/Twist2⁺	B6.129(Cg)-Twist2^{tm1.1(cre)Dor} Mirc32^tm1.1Jtm	MGI:5707652
cn5	Robo1^tm1Matl/Robo1^tm1Matl Robo2^tm1Rilm/Robo2^tm1Rilm Twist2^tm1(cre)Dor/Twist2⁺	involves: 129 * 129X1/SvJ	MGI:5522801
cn6	Hdac8^tm1.1Eno/Y Twist2^tm1(cre)Dor/Twist2⁺	involves: 129 * C57BL/6 * CD-1 * SJL	MGI:3851917
cn7	Fgf10^tm1Ska/Fgf10^tm1Sms Gt(ROSA)26Sor^tm1Sor/Gt(ROSA)26Sor⁺ Twist2^tm1(cre)Dor/Twist2⁺	involves: 129S1/Sv * 129S4/SvJaeSor * 129X1/SvJ * C57BL/6 * CBA	MGI:3851799
cn8	Lrp6^tm1.1Vari/Lrp6^tm1.1Vari Twist2^tm1(cre)Dor/Twist2⁺	involves: 129S1/Sv * 129X1/SvJ	MGI:5299320
cn9	Twist2^tm1(cre)Dor/Twist2⁺ Wnt7b^tm1Parr/Wnt7b^tm2Amc	involves: 129S1/Sv * 129X1/SvJ	MGI:3841730
cn10	Lrp5^tm1.1Vari/Lrp5^tm1.2Vari Twist2^tm1(cre)Dor/Twist2⁺	involves: 129S1/Sv * 129X1/SvJ	MGI:5299319
cn11	Lrp6^tm1.1Vari/Lrp6^tm1.2Vari Twist2^tm1(cre)Dor/Twist2⁺	involves: 129S1/Sv * 129X1/SvJ	MGI:5299321
cn12	Lrp5^tm1.1Vari/Lrp5^tm1.1Vari Lrp6^tm1.1Vari/Lrp6^tm1.1Vari Twist2^tm1(cre)Dor/Twist2⁺	involves: 129S1/Sv * 129X1/SvJ	MGI:5299323
cn13	Lrp5^tm1.2Vari/Lrp5^tm1.2Vari Lrp6^tm1.1Vari/Lrp6^tm1.1Vari Twist2^tm1(cre)Dor/Twist2⁺	involves: 129S1/Sv * 129X1/SvJ	MGI:5299324
cn14	Ctnnb1^tm2Kem/Ctnnb1^tm2Kem Twist2^tm1(cre)Dor/Twist2⁺	involves: 129S1/Sv * 129X1/SvJ	MGI:5299325
cn15	Fgfr1^tm1Jpa/Fgfr1^tm1.1Jpa Fgfr2^tm1Dor/Fgfr2^tm1.1Dor Twist2^tm1(cre)Dor/Twist2⁺	involves: 129S1/Sv * 129X1/SvJ * C57BL/6	MGI:3813486
cn16	Fgfr1^tm1Jpa/Fgfr1^tm1.1Jpa Fgfr2^tm1Dor/Fgfr2⁺ Twist2^tm1(cre)Dor/Twist2⁺	involves: 129S1/Sv * 129X1/SvJ * C57BL/6	MGI:3813483
cn17	Fgfr1^tm1Jpa/Fgfr1⁺ Fgfr2^tm1Dor/Fgfr2^tm1.1Dor Twist2^tm1(cre)Dor/Twist2⁺	involves: 129S1/Sv * 129X1/SvJ * C57BL/6	MGI:3813484
cn18	Nfib^tm2Rmg/Nfib^tm2Rmg Twist2^tm1(cre)Dor/Twist2⁺	involves: 129S4/SvJae * 129X1/SvJ * C57BL/6	MGI:5052293
cn19	Ctnnb1^tm1Yy/Ctnnb1^tm1Yy Twist2^tm1(cre)Dor/Twist2⁺	involves: 129S6/SvEvTac * 129X1/SvJ * C57BL/6	MGI:3056292
cn20	Epha4^tm1.1Bzh/Epha4^tm1.1Bzh Tg(Hlxb9-GFP)1Tmj/0 Twist2^tm1(cre)Dor/Twist2⁺	involves: 129S/Sv * C57BL/6J * CD-1 * FVB/N	MGI:6406424
cn21	Mef2c^tm1Eno/Mef2c^tm2Eno Twist2^tm1(cre)Dor/Twist2⁺	involves: 129S/SvEv * 129S7/SvEvBrd * 129X1/SvJ	MGI:3719010
cn22	Fgfr2^tm1Dor/Fgfr2^tm1.1Dor Twist2^tm1(cre)Dor/Twist2⁺	involves: 129X1/SvJ	MGI:3044704
cn23	Ctnna1^tm1Efu/Ctnna1^tm1Efu Twist2^tm1(cre)Dor/Twist2⁺	involves: 129X1/SvJ	MGI:5299326
cn24	Tgfbr2^tm1.2Hlm/Tgfbr2^tm1.2Hlm Twist2^tm1(cre)Dor/Twist2⁺	involves: 129X1/SvJ * C57BL/6	MGI:4943503
cx25	Twist1^tm1Bhr/Twist1⁺ Twist2^tm1(cre)Dor/Twist2⁺	involves: 129/Sv * 129X1/SvJ	MGI:3038295
cx26	Runx2^tm1Mjo/Runx2⁺ Twist2^tm1(cre)Dor/Twist2^tm1(cre)Dor	involves: 129X1/SvJ * C57BL/6	MGI:3582480
cx27	Runx2^tm1Mjo/Runx2⁺ Twist2^tm1(cre)Dor/Twist2⁺	involves: 129X1/SvJ * C57BL/6	MGI:3582481

Allelic Composition	Twist2^tm1(cre)Dor/Twist2^tm1(cre)Dor
Genetic Background	involves: 129/Sv * 129X1/SvJ

Find Mice

Using the International Mouse Strain Resource (IMSR)
Mouse lines carrying:
Twist2^tm1(cre)Dor mutation (0 available); any Twist2 mutation (10 available)

♀	phenotype observed in females
♂	phenotype observed in males
N	normal phenotype

mortality/aging

postnatal lethality, incomplete penetrance ( J:81485 )

• 60% dead by 3 days after birth

adipose tissue

absent subcutaneous adipose tissue ( J:81485 )

• complete absence of subcutaneous fat at the nape of the neck

decreased total body fat amount ( J:81485 )

• amount of subcutaneous fat is prominently reduced

• adipose deficiency and atrophy observed in multiple tissues during neonatal period

abnormal brown fat cell morphology ( J:81485 )

• adipocytes have fewer lipid cytoplasmic vacuoles than wild-type

• interscapular brown fat adipocytes are atrophic in neonatal (2-day old) pups

abnormal interscapular fat pad morphology ( J:81485 )

• interscapular brown fat adipocytes are atrophic in neonatal (2-day old) pups

behavior/neurological

dystonia ( J:81485 )

• prior to death

growth/size/body

cachexia ( J:81485 )

hematopoietic system

abnormal thymus morphology ( J:81485 )

• effacement of normal thymic microarchitecture is observed in neonatal animals (2 days of age)

abnormal thymus cortex morphology ( J:81485 )

• poorly defined in 2-day old pups due to loss of normal thymic architecture

abnormal thymus medulla morphology ( J:81485 )

• poorly defined in 2-day old pups due to loss of normal thymic architecture

thymus atrophy ( J:81485 )

abnormal spleen morphology ( J:81485 )

• spleen shows effacement of the normal architecture due to lymphoid depletion in white pulp

abnormal spleen white pulp morphology ( J:81485 )

• severe lymphoid depletion

homeostasis/metabolism

hypoglycemia ( J:81485 )

• serum glucose is about half of that in wild-type animals at 2 days postnatal

decreased liver glycogen level ( J:81485 )

• hepatic glycogen stores are lost

• glycogen is absent from liver in 2-day old animals but is present prenatally

decreased skeletal muscle glycogen level ( J:81485 )

• glycogen is absent from skeletal muscle in 2-day old animals but is present prenatally

abnormal interleukin level ( J:81485 )

• increased expresssion of IL-1beta and IL-6 in skin and skeletal muscle

abnormal tumor necrosis factor level ( J:81485 )

• increased expression in skin and skeletal muscle

• elevated serum levels

immune system

abnormal thymus morphology ( J:81485 )

• effacement of normal thymic microarchitecture is observed in neonatal animals (2 days of age)

abnormal thymus cortex morphology ( J:81485 )

• poorly defined in 2-day old pups due to loss of normal thymic architecture

abnormal thymus medulla morphology ( J:81485 )

• poorly defined in 2-day old pups due to loss of normal thymic architecture

thymus atrophy ( J:81485 )

abnormal spleen morphology ( J:81485 )

• spleen shows effacement of the normal architecture due to lymphoid depletion in white pulp

abnormal spleen white pulp morphology ( J:81485 )

• severe lymphoid depletion

abnormal interleukin level ( J:81485 )

• increased expresssion of IL-1beta and IL-6 in skin and skeletal muscle

abnormal tumor necrosis factor level ( J:81485 )

• increased expression in skin and skeletal muscle

• elevated serum levels

liver/biliary system

decreased liver glycogen level ( J:81485 )

• hepatic glycogen stores are lost

• glycogen is absent from liver in 2-day old animals but is present prenatally

abnormal hepatocyte morphology ( J:81485 )

• atrophic, with microvesicular vacuolization, consistent with depletion of glycogen stores

muscle

dystonia ( J:81485 )

• prior to death

abnormal skeletal muscle morphology ( J:81485 )

• in 2-day old animals, increase in apoptotic cells is observed; in older pups, myofiber breakdown is observed

decreased skeletal muscle glycogen level ( J:81485 )

• glycogen is absent from skeletal muscle in 2-day old animals but is present prenatally

skeleton

abnormal osteoblast differentiation ( J:90056 )

• at E14, homozygotes display premature osteoblast differentiation and vascular invasion in skeletal elements ossifying through intramembranous (clavicles) or endochondral mechanism (ribs)

• at E14, cuboidal osteocalcin-expressing osteoblasts are organized in bone collar-like structures around the developing ribs in homozygous null but not in wild-type embryos

integument

absent subcutaneous adipose tissue ( J:81485 )

• complete absence of subcutaneous fat at the nape of the neck

sparse hair ( J:81485 )

abnormal hair follicle morphology ( J:81485 )

• distorted shape

decreased hair follicle number ( J:81485 )

thin dermal layer ( J:81485 )

• dermal layer is atrophic due to reduction in adipose tissue leading to striking decrease in dermal thickness

hyperkeratosis ( J:81485 )

• atrophy with hyperkeratosis in the epidermis

epidermal atrophy ( J:81485 )

• atrophy with hyperkeratosis in the epidermis

thin skin ( J:81485 )

cellular

abnormal osteoblast differentiation ( J:90056 )

• at E14, homozygotes display premature osteoblast differentiation and vascular invasion in skeletal elements ossifying through intramembranous (clavicles) or endochondral mechanism (ribs)

• at E14, cuboidal osteocalcin-expressing osteoblasts are organized in bone collar-like structures around the developing ribs in homozygous null but not in wild-type embryos

endocrine/exocrine glands

abnormal thymus morphology ( J:81485 )

• effacement of normal thymic microarchitecture is observed in neonatal animals (2 days of age)

abnormal thymus cortex morphology ( J:81485 )

• poorly defined in 2-day old pups due to loss of normal thymic architecture

abnormal thymus medulla morphology ( J:81485 )

• poorly defined in 2-day old pups due to loss of normal thymic architecture

thymus atrophy ( J:81485 )

Allelic Composition	Twist2^tm1(cre)Dor/Twist2^tm1(cre)Dor
Genetic Background	involves: 129X1/SvJ * C57BL/6

Find Mice

Using the International Mouse Strain Resource (IMSR)
Mouse lines carrying:
Twist2^tm1(cre)Dor mutation (0 available); any Twist2 mutation (10 available)

♀	phenotype observed in females
♂	phenotype observed in males
N	normal phenotype

integument

abnormal skin adnexa morphology ( J:169191 )

• mice lack epidermal appendages unlike wild-type mice

decreased subcutaneous adipose tissue amount ( J:169191 )

abnormal hair growth ( J:169191 )

• eyelashes are sparse or absent (lower lashes are absent) unlike in wild-type mice

alopecia ( J:169191 )

• between the ears and eyes

loss of eyelid cilia ( J:169191 )

• lower lashes are absent

sparse hair ( J:169191 )

abnormal dermal layer morphology ( J:169191 )

• mice exhibit hypoplastic dermis unlike wild-type mice

absent Meibomian glands ( J:169191 )

• mice exhibit absent or hypoplastic Meibomian glands unlike wild-type mice

Meibomian gland hypoplasia ( J:169191 )

• mice exhibit absent or hypoplastic Meibomian glands unlike wild-type mice

skin lesions ( J:169191 )

• mice exhibit bitemporal lesions unlike wild-type mice

thin skin ( J:169191 )

vision/eye

abnormal eye morphology ( J:169191 )

absent Meibomian glands ( J:169191 )

• mice exhibit absent or hypoplastic Meibomian glands unlike wild-type mice

Meibomian gland hypoplasia ( J:169191 )

• mice exhibit absent or hypoplastic Meibomian glands unlike wild-type mice

loss of eyelid cilia ( J:169191 )

• lower lashes are absent

craniofacial

abnormal craniofacial morphology ( J:169191 )

narrow snout ( J:169191 )

• snout is narrow

lowered ear position ( J:169191 )

• ears are dysmorphic and low-set unlike wild-type mice

endocrine/exocrine glands

absent Meibomian glands ( J:169191 )

• mice exhibit absent or hypoplastic Meibomian glands unlike wild-type mice

Meibomian gland hypoplasia ( J:169191 )

• mice exhibit absent or hypoplastic Meibomian glands unlike wild-type mice

hearing/vestibular/ear

lowered ear position ( J:169191 )

• ears are dysmorphic and low-set unlike wild-type mice

adipose tissue

decreased subcutaneous adipose tissue amount ( J:169191 )

growth/size/body

abnormal head morphology ( J:169191 )

• mice exhibit short anterior-posterior head diameters compared with wild-type mice

narrow snout ( J:169191 )

• snout is narrow

lowered ear position ( J:169191 )

• ears are dysmorphic and low-set unlike wild-type mice

Allelic Composition	Twist2^tm1(cre)Dor/Twist2⁺
Genetic Background	involves: 129X1/SvJ

Find Mice

Using the International Mouse Strain Resource (IMSR)
Mouse lines carrying:
Twist2^tm1(cre)Dor mutation (0 available); any Twist2 mutation (10 available)

♀	phenotype observed in females
♂	phenotype observed in males
N	normal phenotype

normal phenotype

no abnormal phenotype detected ( J:90391 )

• mice were reported to be phenotypically normal

Allelic Composition	Mirc32^tm1.1Jtm/Mirc32^tm1.1Jtm Twist2^tm1(cre)Dor/Twist2⁺
Genetic Background	B6.129(Cg)-Twist2^{tm1.1(cre)Dor} Mirc32^tm1.1Jtm

Find Mice

Using the International Mouse Strain Resource (IMSR)
Mouse lines carrying:
Mirc32^tm1.1Jtm mutation (1 available); any Mirc32 mutation (3 available)
Twist2^tm1(cre)Dor mutation (0 available); any Twist2 mutation (10 available)

♀	phenotype observed in females
♂	phenotype observed in males
N	normal phenotype

digestive/alimentary system

abnormal intestinal mucosa morphology ( J:214382 )

• lamina propia myofibroblasts within the ulcers of DSS treated (+ 2 days recovery) mice are disorganized and fail to elongate along the basal-luminal axis

abnormal large intestine crypts of Lieberkuhn morphology ( J:214382 )

• intestinal crypts do not regenerate in DSS treated (+ 2 days recovery) mice

intestinal ulcer ( J:214382 )

• observed in DSS treated (+ 2 days recovery) mice

abnormal colon morphology ( J:214382 )

• colons from DSS treated (+ 2 days recovery) mice remain hemorrhagic , necrotic and lack hyper proliferative crypts

colonic necrosis ( J:214382 )

• observed in DSS treated (+ 2 days recovery) mice

impaired intestine regeneration ( J:214382 )

• intestinal crypts do not regenerate in DSS treated (+ 2 days recovery) mice

• pH3+ (a mitotic marker) cells are restricted to crypt base and are reduced in number

increased susceptibility to induced colitis ( J:214382 )

• intestinal crypts do not regenerate in DSS treated (+ 2 days recovery) mice

endocrine/exocrine glands

abnormal large intestine crypts of Lieberkuhn morphology ( J:214382 )

• intestinal crypts do not regenerate in DSS treated (+ 2 days recovery) mice

immune system

increased susceptibility to induced colitis ( J:214382 )

• intestinal crypts do not regenerate in DSS treated (+ 2 days recovery) mice

mortality/aging

abnormal susceptibility to induced morbidity/mortality ( J:214382 )

• 50% of mice die within 3 days following the completion of 5 days (D5+3) of DSS treatment

• control mice exhibit almost complete recovery of intestinal mucosal architecture 9 days after DSS treatment

Allelic Composition	Robo1^tm1Matl/Robo1^tm1Matl Robo2^tm1Rilm/Robo2^tm1Rilm Twist2^tm1(cre)Dor/Twist2⁺
Genetic Background	involves: 129 * 129X1/SvJ

Find Mice

Using the International Mouse Strain Resource (IMSR)
Mouse lines carrying:
Robo1^tm1Matl mutation (2 available); any Robo1 mutation (87 available)
Robo2^tm1Rilm mutation (1 available); any Robo2 mutation (101 available)
Twist2^tm1(cre)Dor mutation (0 available); any Twist2 mutation (10 available)

♀	phenotype observed in females
♂	phenotype observed in males
N	normal phenotype

mortality/aging

neonatal lethality ( J:193400 )

digestive/alimentary system

abnormal foregut morphology ( J:193400 )

• closer attachment of foregut to the body wall

small esophagus ( J:193400 )

• shorter

muscle

diaphragmatic hernia ( J:193400 )

• protrusion of the abdominal organs into the chest (stomach or liver)

respiratory system

respiratory failure ( J:193400 )

• inability to inflate lungs at birth

Allelic Composition	Hdac8^tm1.1Eno/Y Twist2^tm1(cre)Dor/Twist2⁺
Genetic Background	involves: 129 * C57BL/6 * CD-1 * SJL

Find Mice

Using the International Mouse Strain Resource (IMSR)
Mouse lines carrying:
Hdac8^tm1.1Eno mutation (0 available); any Hdac8 mutation (10 available)
Twist2^tm1(cre)Dor mutation (0 available); any Twist2 mutation (10 available)

♀	phenotype observed in females
♂	phenotype observed in males
N	normal phenotype

normal phenotype

no abnormal phenotype detected ( J:150709 )

• no abnormal phenotype is detected in skull development

Allelic Composition	Fgf10^tm1Ska/Fgf10^tm1Sms Gt(ROSA)26Sor^tm1Sor/Gt(ROSA)26Sor⁺ Twist2^tm1(cre)Dor/Twist2⁺
Genetic Background	involves: 129S1/Sv * 129S4/SvJaeSor * 129X1/SvJ * C57BL/6 * CBA

Find Mice

Using the International Mouse Strain Resource (IMSR)
Mouse lines carrying:
Fgf10^tm1Ska mutation (1 available); any Fgf10 mutation (33 available)
Fgf10^tm1Sms mutation (0 available); any Fgf10 mutation (33 available)
Gt(ROSA)26Sor^tm1Sor mutation (7 available); any Gt(ROSA)26Sor mutation (993 available)
Twist2^tm1(cre)Dor mutation (0 available); any Twist2 mutation (10 available)

♀	phenotype observed in females
♂	phenotype observed in males
N	normal phenotype

respiratory system

lung hemorrhage ( J:150706 )

• E17.5 embryos often have hemorrhaging in the lung

abnormal lung development ( J:150706 )

• at E12, moderate increases in apoptosis are observed in the primary bronchi of both lungs

• cell death extended farther into the medial and accessory branches and there was a small area of ectopic death observed in the mesenchyme of either the vestigial rostral lobe or at the distal tip of the accessory lobe

impaired branching involved in bronchus morphogenesis ( J:150706 )

• all lobes exhibit reduced branching following outgrowth of the initial branch that established the lobe

• mesenchymal protrusions without an accompanying epithelial branch are occasionally observed during embryonic development

• such protrusions are observed only in the right lung in positions that correspond to lobes

abnormal lung lobe morphology ( J:150706 )

• at E17.5, mutant lobes are smaller and much flatter than control lobes

abnormal right lung accessory lobe morphology ( J:150706 )

• at E12.5, the accessory lobe is reduced in size and often misshapen

abnormal right lung cranial lobe morphology ( J:150706 )

• most E11.5 embryos have a reduction or absence of the nascent rostral lobe

• at E12.5, the rostral lobe is absent in the majority of mice

abnormal right lung middle lobe morphology ( J:150706 )

• at E12.5, the medial lobe is reduced in size and often misshapen

small lung lobe ( J:150706 )

• at E17.5, mutant lobes are smaller than control lobes

small lung ( J:150706 )

• at E12.5, mutant lungs are smaller than control lungs

pulmonary hypoplasia ( J:150706 )

• at E17.5, mutant lungs are severely hypoplastic

cardiovascular system

lung hemorrhage ( J:150706 )

• E17.5 embryos often have hemorrhaging in the lung

Allelic Composition	Lrp6^tm1.1Vari/Lrp6^tm1.1Vari Twist2^tm1(cre)Dor/Twist2⁺
Genetic Background	involves: 129S1/Sv * 129X1/SvJ

Find Mice

Using the International Mouse Strain Resource (IMSR)
Mouse lines carrying:
Lrp6^tm1.1Vari mutation (1 available); any Lrp6 mutation (95 available)
Twist2^tm1(cre)Dor mutation (0 available); any Twist2 mutation (10 available)

♀	phenotype observed in females
♂	phenotype observed in males
N	normal phenotype

skeleton

skeleton phenotype ( J:178499 )

N	• mice exhibit relatively normal skeleton

delayed bone ossification ( J:178499 )

• at E17.5, mice exhibit a slight delay in ossification of the skull compared with control mice

Allelic Composition	Twist2^tm1(cre)Dor/Twist2⁺ Wnt7b^tm1Parr/Wnt7b^tm2Amc
Genetic Background	involves: 129S1/Sv * 129X1/SvJ

Find Mice

Using the International Mouse Strain Resource (IMSR)
Mouse lines carrying:
Twist2^tm1(cre)Dor mutation (0 available); any Twist2 mutation (10 available)
Wnt7b^tm1Parr mutation (1 available); any Wnt7b mutation (17 available)
Wnt7b^tm2Amc mutation (1 available); any Wnt7b mutation (17 available)

♀	phenotype observed in females
♂	phenotype observed in males
N	normal phenotype

skeleton

abnormal osteoblast differentiation ( J:117333 )

• calvaria cells from neonates and bone marrow stromal cells from adults produce fewer bone nodules than wild-type cells

decreased width of hypertrophic chondrocyte zone ( J:117333 )

• at E15.5

abnormal bone ossification ( J:117333 )

• at E15.5, ossification if diminished compared to in wild-type mice

• bone collars of long bones are shorter than in wild-type mice

• at E18.5, skulls exhibit decreased ossification compared to in wild-type mice

cellular

abnormal osteoblast differentiation ( J:117333 )

• calvaria cells from neonates and bone marrow stromal cells from adults produce fewer bone nodules than wild-type cells

Allelic Composition	Lrp5^tm1.1Vari/Lrp5^tm1.2Vari Twist2^tm1(cre)Dor/Twist2⁺
Genetic Background	involves: 129S1/Sv * 129X1/SvJ

Find Mice

Using the International Mouse Strain Resource (IMSR)
Mouse lines carrying:
Lrp5^tm1.1Vari mutation (1 available); any Lrp5 mutation (82 available)
Lrp5^tm1.2Vari mutation (0 available); any Lrp5 mutation (82 available)
Twist2^tm1(cre)Dor mutation (0 available); any Twist2 mutation (10 available)

♀	phenotype observed in females
♂	phenotype observed in males
N	normal phenotype

skeleton

skeleton phenotype ( J:178499 )

N	• mice exhibit relatively normal skeleton

Allelic Composition	Lrp6^tm1.1Vari/Lrp6^tm1.2Vari Twist2^tm1(cre)Dor/Twist2⁺
Genetic Background	involves: 129S1/Sv * 129X1/SvJ

Find Mice

Using the International Mouse Strain Resource (IMSR)
Mouse lines carrying:
Lrp6^tm1.1Vari mutation (1 available); any Lrp6 mutation (95 available)
Lrp6^tm1.2Vari mutation (0 available); any Lrp6 mutation (95 available)
Twist2^tm1(cre)Dor mutation (0 available); any Twist2 mutation (10 available)

♀	phenotype observed in females
♂	phenotype observed in males
N	normal phenotype

skeleton

skeleton phenotype ( J:178499 )

N	• mice exhibit relatively normal skeleton

delayed bone ossification ( J:178499 )

• at E17.5, mice exhibit a slight delay in ossification of the skull compared with control mice

Allelic Composition	Lrp5^tm1.1Vari/Lrp5^tm1.1Vari Lrp6^tm1.1Vari/Lrp6^tm1.1Vari Twist2^tm1(cre)Dor/Twist2⁺
Genetic Background	involves: 129S1/Sv * 129X1/SvJ

Find Mice

Using the International Mouse Strain Resource (IMSR)
Mouse lines carrying:
Lrp5^tm1.1Vari mutation (1 available); any Lrp5 mutation (82 available)
Lrp6^tm1.1Vari mutation (1 available); any Lrp6 mutation (95 available)
Twist2^tm1(cre)Dor mutation (0 available); any Twist2 mutation (10 available)

♀	phenotype observed in females
♂	phenotype observed in males
N	normal phenotype

mortality/aging

neonatal lethality, complete penetrance ( J:178499 )

• mice die shortly after birth

skeleton

abnormal skeleton morphology ( J:178499 )

• all skeletal elements are shortened

abnormal cranium morphology ( J:178499 )

split sternum ( J:178499 )

abnormal bone structure ( J:178499 )

• mice exhibit partial bone collar

abnormal trabecular bone morphology ( J:178499 )

• absent

abnormal cartilage morphology ( J:178499 )

• mice exhibit extra cartilage elements (typically 4) in the zeugopod and in some autopods

ectopic cartilage ( J:178499 )

• at the diaphysis

abnormal epiphyseal plate morphology ( J:178499 )

abnormal bone ossification ( J:178499 )

• profound defect in ossification of the craniofacial, the rest of the axial, and the appendicular skeleton

• partial ossification of the scapula and ileum

• however, some ossification of zeugopod elements and other skeletal elements is observed

growth/size/body

decreased body size ( J:178499 )

limbs/digits/tail

abnormal limb morphology ( J:178499 )

craniofacial

abnormal cranium morphology ( J:178499 )

Allelic Composition	Lrp5^tm1.2Vari/Lrp5^tm1.2Vari Lrp6^tm1.1Vari/Lrp6^tm1.1Vari Twist2^tm1(cre)Dor/Twist2⁺
Genetic Background	involves: 129S1/Sv * 129X1/SvJ

Find Mice

Using the International Mouse Strain Resource (IMSR)
Mouse lines carrying:
Lrp5^tm1.2Vari mutation (0 available); any Lrp5 mutation (82 available)
Lrp6^tm1.1Vari mutation (1 available); any Lrp6 mutation (95 available)
Twist2^tm1(cre)Dor mutation (0 available); any Twist2 mutation (10 available)

♀	phenotype observed in females
♂	phenotype observed in males
N	normal phenotype

mortality/aging

neonatal lethality, complete penetrance ( J:178499 )

• mice die shortly after birth

skeleton

abnormal skeleton morphology ( J:178499 )

• all skeletal elements are shortened

abnormal cranium morphology ( J:178499 )

split sternum ( J:178499 )

abnormal bone structure ( J:178499 )

• mice exhibit partial bone collar

abnormal osteoblast differentiation ( J:178499 )

• mature osteoblasts fail to form

abnormal trabecular bone morphology ( J:178499 )

• absent

abnormal cartilage morphology ( J:178499 )

• mice exhibit extra cartilage elements (typically 4) in the zeugopod and in some autopods

ectopic cartilage ( J:178499 )

• at the diaphysis and surrounding the marrow cavity

abnormal joint morphology ( J:178499 )

• mice lack joints at multiple locations including the knees

abnormal epiphyseal plate morphology ( J:178499 )

decreased width of hypertrophic chondrocyte zone ( J:178499 )

• at E14.5, mice exhibit a delay in chondrocyte hypertrophy

abnormal bone ossification ( J:178499 )

• profound defect in ossification of the craniofacial, the rest of the axial, and the appendicular skeleton

• partial ossification of the scapula and ileum

failure of bone ossification ( J:178499 )

• except for the scapula and ileum

growth/size/body

decreased body size ( J:178499 )

cellular

abnormal osteoblast differentiation ( J:178499 )

• mature osteoblasts fail to form

limbs/digits/tail

abnormal limb morphology ( J:178499 )

• mice exhibit an additional element bridging the zeugopod and stylopod

craniofacial

abnormal cranium morphology ( J:178499 )

Allelic Composition	Ctnnb1^tm2Kem/Ctnnb1^tm2Kem Twist2^tm1(cre)Dor/Twist2⁺
Genetic Background	involves: 129S1/Sv * 129X1/SvJ

Find Mice

Using the International Mouse Strain Resource (IMSR)
Mouse lines carrying:
Ctnnb1^tm2Kem mutation (1 available); any Ctnnb1 mutation (49 available)
Twist2^tm1(cre)Dor mutation (0 available); any Twist2 mutation (10 available)

♀	phenotype observed in females
♂	phenotype observed in males
N	normal phenotype

skeleton

abnormal skeleton morphology ( J:178499 )

• all skeletal elements are shortened

split sternum ( J:178499 )

• unfused sterna

abnormal bone structure ( J:178499 )

• at E18.5, mice exhibit a slight shortening of the bone collar in the long bones

• mice lack bones

arrested osteoblast differentiation ( J:178499 )

• mature osteoblasts fail to form

abnormal cartilage morphology ( J:178499 )

• mice exhibit extra cartilage elements in the limbs

ectopic cartilage ( J:178499 )

• from the diaphyseal perichondrium into the marrow cavity

abnormal joint morphology ( J:178499 )

• mice lack joints at multiple locations including the knees

failure of bone ossification ( J:178499 )

• except for the scapula and ileum

cellular

arrested osteoblast differentiation ( J:178499 )

• mature osteoblasts fail to form

Allelic Composition	Fgfr1^tm1Jpa/Fgfr1^tm1.1Jpa Fgfr2^tm1Dor/Fgfr2^tm1.1Dor Twist2^tm1(cre)Dor/Twist2⁺
Genetic Background	involves: 129S1/Sv * 129X1/SvJ * C57BL/6

Find Mice

Using the International Mouse Strain Resource (IMSR)
Mouse lines carrying:
Fgfr1^tm1.1Jpa mutation (0 available); any Fgfr1 mutation (223 available)
Fgfr1^tm1Jpa mutation (0 available); any Fgfr1 mutation (223 available)
Fgfr2^tm1.1Dor mutation (0 available); any Fgfr2 mutation (90 available)
Fgfr2^tm1Dor mutation (3 available); any Fgfr2 mutation (90 available)
Twist2^tm1(cre)Dor mutation (0 available); any Twist2 mutation (10 available)

♀	phenotype observed in females
♂	phenotype observed in males
N	normal phenotype

digestive/alimentary system

abnormal small intestine morphology ( J:139005 )

• there is about a third reduction in the length of the small intestine at E18.5 compared to controls

abnormal small intestine crypts of Lieberkuhn morphology ( J:139005 )

• premature crypt-like structures occur in the small intestine of E18.5 embryos before the appearance of paneth cells

abnormal digestive system physiology ( J:139005 )

• proliferation of fibroblasts found in the proximal and distal small intestine mesenchyme is significantly reduced at E18.5

endocrine/exocrine glands

abnormal small intestine crypts of Lieberkuhn morphology ( J:139005 )

• premature crypt-like structures occur in the small intestine of E18.5 embryos before the appearance of paneth cells

Allelic Composition	Fgfr1^tm1Jpa/Fgfr1^tm1.1Jpa Fgfr2^tm1Dor/Fgfr2⁺ Twist2^tm1(cre)Dor/Twist2⁺
Genetic Background	involves: 129S1/Sv * 129X1/SvJ * C57BL/6

Find Mice

Using the International Mouse Strain Resource (IMSR)
Mouse lines carrying:
Fgfr1^tm1.1Jpa mutation (0 available); any Fgfr1 mutation (223 available)
Fgfr1^tm1Jpa mutation (0 available); any Fgfr1 mutation (223 available)
Fgfr2^tm1Dor mutation (3 available); any Fgfr2 mutation (90 available)
Twist2^tm1(cre)Dor mutation (0 available); any Twist2 mutation (10 available)

♀	phenotype observed in females
♂	phenotype observed in males
N	normal phenotype

digestive/alimentary system

abnormal small intestine morphology ( J:139005 )

• there is about a 15% reduction in the length of the small intestine at E18.5 compared to controls

Allelic Composition	Fgfr1^tm1Jpa/Fgfr1⁺ Fgfr2^tm1Dor/Fgfr2^tm1.1Dor Twist2^tm1(cre)Dor/Twist2⁺
Genetic Background	involves: 129S1/Sv * 129X1/SvJ * C57BL/6

Find Mice

Using the International Mouse Strain Resource (IMSR)
Mouse lines carrying:
Fgfr1^tm1Jpa mutation (0 available); any Fgfr1 mutation (223 available)
Fgfr2^tm1.1Dor mutation (0 available); any Fgfr2 mutation (90 available)
Fgfr2^tm1Dor mutation (3 available); any Fgfr2 mutation (90 available)
Twist2^tm1(cre)Dor mutation (0 available); any Twist2 mutation (10 available)

♀	phenotype observed in females
♂	phenotype observed in males
N	normal phenotype

digestive/alimentary system

abnormal small intestine morphology ( J:139005 )

• there is about a 15% reduction in the length of the small intestine at E18.5 compared to controls

Allelic Composition	Nfib^tm2Rmg/Nfib^tm2Rmg Twist2^tm1(cre)Dor/Twist2⁺
Genetic Background	involves: 129S4/SvJae * 129X1/SvJ * C57BL/6

Find Mice

Using the International Mouse Strain Resource (IMSR)
Mouse lines carrying:
Nfib^tm2Rmg mutation (1 available); any Nfib mutation (91 available)
Twist2^tm1(cre)Dor mutation (0 available); any Twist2 mutation (10 available)

♀	phenotype observed in females
♂	phenotype observed in males
N	normal phenotype

mortality/aging

perinatal lethality, complete penetrance ( J:173651 )

• despite normal Mendelian ratios at E18.5, no live born mice are recovered at P0

respiratory system

abnormal lung morphology ( J:173651 )

• at E16.5 and E18.5, lungs exhibit aberrant clefts unlike in wild-type mice

enlarged lung ( J:173651 )

abnormal lung development ( J:173651 )

• mice exhibit decreased differentiation of epithelial type I, type II, and ciliated cells compared to in wild-type mice

abnormal lung saccule morphology ( J:173651 )

• at E18.5

abnormal respiratory system physiology ( J:173651 )

• at E16.5 and E18.5, lung cells exhibit increased in epithelial (Ttf1+) and mesenchymal (Ttf1-) cell proliferation compared with cells mice

growth/size/body

enlarged lung ( J:173651 )

Allelic Composition	Ctnnb1^tm1Yy/Ctnnb1^tm1Yy Twist2^tm1(cre)Dor/Twist2⁺
Genetic Background	involves: 129S6/SvEvTac * 129X1/SvJ * C57BL/6

Find Mice

Using the International Mouse Strain Resource (IMSR)
Mouse lines carrying:
Ctnnb1^tm1Yy mutation (0 available); any Ctnnb1 mutation (49 available)
Twist2^tm1(cre)Dor mutation (0 available); any Twist2 mutation (10 available)

♀	phenotype observed in females
♂	phenotype observed in males
N	normal phenotype

skeleton

fused synovial joints ( J:93028 )

• fused joints are seen in the elbow, hip, knee, ankle, and digit regions

Allelic Composition	Epha4^tm1.1Bzh/Epha4^tm1.1Bzh Tg(Hlxb9-GFP)1Tmj/0 Twist2^tm1(cre)Dor/Twist2⁺
Genetic Background	involves: 129S/Sv * C57BL/6J * CD-1 * FVB/N

Find Mice

Using the International Mouse Strain Resource (IMSR)
Mouse lines carrying:
Epha4^tm1.1Bzh mutation (1 available); any Epha4 mutation (67 available)
Tg(Hlxb9-GFP)1Tmj mutation (3 available)
Twist2^tm1(cre)Dor mutation (0 available); any Twist2 mutation (10 available)

♀	phenotype observed in females
♂	phenotype observed in males
N	normal phenotype

nervous system

abnormal innervation ( J:243785 )

• the abducens nerve exits the hindbrain with fewer nerve bundles, which initially wander in the mesenchymal area adjacent to the hindbrain exit before completely stalling in the mesenchyme leading to a reduction in abducens length and complete lack of both abducens innervation near the orbit and aberrant tracking with the facial nerve

• however, trochlear nerve and first cervical spine projections are normal

Allelic Composition	Mef2c^tm1Eno/Mef2c^tm2Eno Twist2^tm1(cre)Dor/Twist2⁺
Genetic Background	involves: 129S/SvEv * 129S7/SvEvBrd * 129X1/SvJ

Find Mice

Using the International Mouse Strain Resource (IMSR)
Mouse lines carrying:
Mef2c^tm1Eno mutation (0 available); any Mef2c mutation (34 available)
Mef2c^tm2Eno mutation (0 available); any Mef2c mutation (34 available)
Twist2^tm1(cre)Dor mutation (0 available); any Twist2 mutation (10 available)

♀	phenotype observed in females
♂	phenotype observed in males
N	normal phenotype

mortality/aging

postnatal lethality, complete penetrance ( J:119152 )

• none survive beyond the first week of life

respiratory system

respiratory distress ( J:119152 )

• some mutants have difficulty breathing, evidenced by gasping and accumulation of air in the intestines

skeleton

short fibula ( J:119152 )

• truncation of the fibula is severe

short tibia ( J:119152 )

• truncation of the tibia is severe

abnormal trabecular bone morphology ( J:119152 )

• sternum and radius show completely absence of trabeculated bone

abnormal endochondral bone ossification ( J:119152 )

• mutants exhibit severe defects in ossification on nearly all endochondral bones, especially in the sternum

• ossification of the bone collar appears disorganized

• defects in endochondral ossification result from a failure of chondrocyte hypertrophy

failure of endochondral bone ossification ( J:119152 )

• vertebral bodies and the supraoccipital bone fail to ossify and many phalangeal bones of the digits lack ossification

limbs/digits/tail

short fibula ( J:119152 )

• truncation of the fibula is severe

short tibia ( J:119152 )

• truncation of the tibia is severe

short limbs ( J:119152 )

Allelic Composition	Fgfr2^tm1Dor/Fgfr2^tm1.1Dor Twist2^tm1(cre)Dor/Twist2⁺
Genetic Background	involves: 129X1/SvJ

Find Mice

Using the International Mouse Strain Resource (IMSR)
Mouse lines carrying:
Fgfr2^tm1.1Dor mutation (0 available); any Fgfr2 mutation (90 available)
Fgfr2^tm1Dor mutation (3 available); any Fgfr2 mutation (90 available)
Twist2^tm1(cre)Dor mutation (0 available); any Twist2 mutation (10 available)

♀	phenotype observed in females
♂	phenotype observed in males
N	normal phenotype

cellular

abnormal osteoclast differentiation ( J:90391 )

• osteoclasts were more mature (larger) than in control mice, but osteoclast activity did not differ from that of wild-type

decreased cell proliferation ( J:90391 )

• impaired osteoblast proliferation

• no increase in osteoblast apoptosis

abnormal osteoblast physiology ( J:90391 )

• the mineral apposition rate (MAR) was undetectable at 3 and 4 weeks of age

craniofacial

domed cranium ( J:90391 )

growth/size/body

disproportionate dwarf ( J:90391 )

• characterized by reduced bone growth

postnatal growth retardation ( J:90391 )

• mice were 40% to 50% smaller than wild-type controls at 4 weeks of age

• normal growth resumed but adult mice remained 30% to 40% smaller than wild-type controls

limbs/digits/tail

short femur ( J:90391 )

• reduced length

skeleton

abnormal osteoblast physiology ( J:90391 )

• the mineral apposition rate (MAR) was undetectable at 3 and 4 weeks of age

abnormal appendicular skeleton morphology ( J:90391 )

• shortened appendicular skeleton

short femur ( J:90391 )

• reduced length

abnormal long bone metaphysis morphology ( J:90391 )

• 40% decrease in metaphyseal area due to a reduction in the trabecular zone length and width

abnormal axial skeleton morphology ( J:90391 )

• shortened axial skeleton

domed cranium ( J:90391 )

abnormal vertebrae morphology ( J:90391 )

abnormal thoracic vertebrae morphology ( J:90391 )

abnormal cervical vertebrae morphology ( J:90391 )

abnormal vertebrae development ( J:90391 )

• observed in some mice

• non-ossified gap in the dorsal midline of both the cervical and thoracic vertebrae

absent vertebral spinous process ( J:90391 )

decreased bone mineral density ( J:90391 )

• bone mineral density was reduced in all mice

• though density increased with age, it remained decreased relative to that of wild-type

decreased osteoblast cell number ( J:90391 )

• while osteoblast differentiation was not affected, osteogenic regions contained fewer osteoblasts due to impaired proliferation

abnormal joint morphology ( J:90391 )

• several tarsal joins failed to develop, putatively due to a a failure of cavitation of the cartilaginous anlage prior to ossificiation of these bones

abnormal skeleton development ( J:90391 )

• skeletal dwarfism and decreased bone density

• decreased amount of trabecular bone; in some cases it was absent

abnormal osteoclast differentiation ( J:90391 )

• osteoclasts were more mature (larger) than in control mice, but osteoclast activity did not differ from that of wild-type

abnormal long bone hypertrophic chondrocyte zone ( J:90391 )

• reduced hypertrophic chondrocyte zone

hematopoietic system

abnormal osteoclast differentiation ( J:90391 )

• osteoclasts were more mature (larger) than in control mice, but osteoclast activity did not differ from that of wild-type

immune system

abnormal osteoclast differentiation ( J:90391 )

• osteoclasts were more mature (larger) than in control mice, but osteoclast activity did not differ from that of wild-type

Allelic Composition	Ctnna1^tm1Efu/Ctnna1^tm1Efu Twist2^tm1(cre)Dor/Twist2⁺
Genetic Background	involves: 129X1/SvJ

Find Mice

Using the International Mouse Strain Resource (IMSR)
Mouse lines carrying:
Ctnna1^tm1Efu mutation (1 available); any Ctnna1 mutation (133 available)
Twist2^tm1(cre)Dor mutation (0 available); any Twist2 mutation (10 available)

♀	phenotype observed in females
♂	phenotype observed in males
N	normal phenotype

skeleton

abnormal skeleton development ( J:178499 )

• mice exhibit minimal effects on prenatal skeletal development

decreased width of hypertrophic chondrocyte zone ( J:178499 )

• at E15, mice exhibit a delay in chondrocyte hypertrophy

delayed intramembranous bone ossification ( J:178499 )

• at E18.5, ossification in the skull is slightly delayed

Allelic Composition	Tgfbr2^tm1.2Hlm/Tgfbr2^tm1.2Hlm Twist2^tm1(cre)Dor/Twist2⁺
Genetic Background	involves: 129X1/SvJ * C57BL/6

Find Mice

Using the International Mouse Strain Resource (IMSR)
Mouse lines carrying:
Tgfbr2^tm1.2Hlm mutation (0 available); any Tgfbr2 mutation (40 available)
Twist2^tm1(cre)Dor mutation (0 available); any Twist2 mutation (10 available)

♀	phenotype observed in females
♂	phenotype observed in males
N	normal phenotype

mortality/aging

lethality throughout fetal growth and development, complete penetrance ( J:143910 )

• fetuses die by E16-E17 due to multi-organ abnormalities

respiratory system

abnormal branching involved in lung morphogenesis ( J:143910 )

• epithelial branching morphogenesis is disrupted causing cystic malformations in proximal airways

• however, lung epithelial cell identity and differentiation remain unaffected

abnormal lung lobe morphology ( J:143910 )

• at E15.5, both the shape and size of lung lobes is abnormal

• however, the overall process of lobation and number of lobes are normal

abnormal bronchus morphology ( J:143910 )

• abnormal epithelial morphogenesis results in cystic, dilated bronchi that lack parabronchial smooth muscle cells

abnormal bronchial cartilage morphology ( J:143910 )

• at E15.5, the first and the second generation bronchi are devoid of cartilage

dilated respiratory conducting tube ( J:143910 )

• at E15.5, fetuses display large, dilated proximal airways lined with columnar epithelial cells

abnormal tracheal cartilage morphology ( J:143910 )

• at E15.5, both the number and shape of tracheal cartilage is abnormal

decreased tracheal cartilage ring number ( J:143910 )

• at E15.5, the number of tracheal cartilage rings appears to be reduced

skeleton

abnormal tracheal cartilage morphology ( J:143910 )

• at E15.5, both the number and shape of tracheal cartilage is abnormal

decreased tracheal cartilage ring number ( J:143910 )

• at E15.5, the number of tracheal cartilage rings appears to be reduced

Allelic Composition	Twist1^tm1Bhr/Twist1⁺ Twist2^tm1(cre)Dor/Twist2⁺
Genetic Background	involves: 129/Sv * 129X1/SvJ

Find Mice

Using the International Mouse Strain Resource (IMSR)
Mouse lines carrying:
Twist1^tm1Bhr mutation (4 available); any Twist1 mutation (18 available)
Twist2^tm1(cre)Dor mutation (0 available); any Twist2 mutation (10 available)

♀	phenotype observed in females
♂	phenotype observed in males
N	normal phenotype

mortality/aging

neonatal lethality, incomplete penetrance ( J:81485 )

• observed lethality is similar to that of Twist2^tm1(cre)Dor homozygotes

growth/size/body

cachexia ( J:81485 )

• postnatal wasting is similar to Twist2^tm1(cre)Dor homozygotes

muscle

abnormal skeletal muscle morphology ( J:81485 )

• in 2-day old animals, increase in apoptotic cells is observed; in older pups, myofiber breakdown is observed

Allelic Composition	Runx2^tm1Mjo/Runx2⁺ Twist2^tm1(cre)Dor/Twist2^tm1(cre)Dor
Genetic Background	involves: 129X1/SvJ * C57BL/6

Find Mice

Using the International Mouse Strain Resource (IMSR)
Mouse lines carrying:
Runx2^tm1Mjo mutation (0 available); any Runx2 mutation (44 available)
Twist2^tm1(cre)Dor mutation (0 available); any Twist2 mutation (10 available)

♀	phenotype observed in females
♂	phenotype observed in males
N	normal phenotype

skeleton

skeleton phenotype ( J:90056 )

N	• newborns heterozygous for Runx2^tm1Mjo and homozygotes for Twist2^tm1Dor exhibit an almost complete rescue of the clavicle hypoplasia characteristic of Runx2^tm1Mjo heterozygotes

small interparietal bone ( J:90056 )

• similar to Runx2^tm1Mjo heterozygotes, newborns heterozygous for Runx2^tm1Mjo and homozygotes for Twist2^tm1Dor exhibit a reduction in the size of the intraparietal bone

delayed fontanelle closure ( J:90056 )

• similar to Runx2^tm1Mjo heterozygotes, newborns heterozygous for Runx2^tm1Mjo and homozygotes for Twist2^tm1Dor display a delay in closure of the fontanelles

craniofacial

small interparietal bone ( J:90056 )

• similar to Runx2^tm1Mjo heterozygotes, newborns heterozygous for Runx2^tm1Mjo and homozygotes for Twist2^tm1Dor exhibit a reduction in the size of the intraparietal bone

Allelic Composition	Runx2^tm1Mjo/Runx2⁺ Twist2^tm1(cre)Dor/Twist2⁺
Genetic Background	involves: 129X1/SvJ * C57BL/6

Find Mice

♀	phenotype observed in females
♂	phenotype observed in males
N	normal phenotype

skeleton

clavicle hypoplasia ( J:90056 )

• similar to Runx2^tm1Mjo heterozygotes, newborn mice doubly heterozygous for Runx2^tm1Mjo and Twist2^tm1Dor display hypoplastic clavicles

Contributing Projects: Mouse Genome Database (MGD), Gene Expression Database (GXD), Mouse Models of Human Cancer database (MMHCdb) (formerly Mouse Tumor Biology (MTB)), Gene Ontology (GO)
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