mortality/aging
• most homozygous pups die within an hour of birth as a result of hypoxia
• increased maternal dietary choline or treatment of newborns with acetylcholine degradation inhibitors does not improve survival
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behavior/neurological
• mutants respond with only a limited contraction when touched
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homeostasis/metabolism
respiratory system
• newborn mutants have fewer aerated alveoli and the lungs sink rather than float in water
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nervous system
• motor axons at the diaphragm frequently extend processes beyond areas occupied by nicotinic acetylcholine receptors
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• an abnormally broad band of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors is seen along intramuscular nerve trunks innervating the diaphragm
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• neuromuscular junctions cannot sustain acetylcholine release
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