cardiovascular system
• the ratio of left ventricular weight to both tibia length and body weight is increased at 10 weeks of age
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• exhibit mild hypertrophy
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• isolated cardiac myocytes exhibit a significant decrease in fractional cell shortening and smaller dL/dT values
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• the first derivatives of minimum and maximum left ventricular pressure, the fractional shortening, velocity of circumferential shortening corrected, and peak early-filling transmitral diastolic wave velocity are all decreased
• treatment with isoproternol, a beta-adrenergic activator, reversed cardiac impairment in mutant hearts
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• isolated cardiac myocytes exhibit lower relaxation rates (-dL/dt) than wild-type
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• under baseline conditions, left ventricular myocytes exhibit lower calcium transient amplitude and slower calcium transient decays
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muscle
• isolated cardiac myocytes exhibit a significant decrease in fractional cell shortening and smaller dL/dT values
|
• the first derivatives of minimum and maximum left ventricular pressure, the fractional shortening, velocity of circumferential shortening corrected, and peak early-filling transmitral diastolic wave velocity are all decreased
• treatment with isoproternol, a beta-adrenergic activator, reversed cardiac impairment in mutant hearts
|
• isolated cardiac myocytes exhibit lower relaxation rates (-dL/dt) than wild-type
|
growth/size/body
• the ratio of left ventricular weight to both tibia length and body weight is increased at 10 weeks of age
|
• exhibit mild hypertrophy
|