mortality/aging
• homozygous embryos die around E13.5
|
cardiovascular system
• the myocardium is markedly thinner compared to wild-type
|
• enlarged outflow tract and atrioventricular valve primordia are seen
|
• at E13.5 atrial septal defects are seen
|
• at E13.5 atrioventricular septal defects are seen
|
• at E13.5 ventricular and atrioventricular septal defects are seen
|
• pericardial effusions are seen
|
hemorrhage
(
J:91609
)
• at E13.5 embryos are grossly hemorrhagic
|
cellular
• decreased apoptosis is seen in endocardial cushions
|
• increased cellular proliferation is seen in endocardial cushions
|
homeostasis/metabolism
• pericardial effusions are seen
|
• at E13.5 embryos are grossly edematous with pericardial and peritoneal effusions and subcutaneous edema
|
liver/biliary system
small liver
(
J:91609
)
• at E13.5 decreased liver size is seen
|
• at E13.5 severe liver necrosis is seen
|
muscle
• the myocardium is markedly thinner compared to wild-type
|
• decreased apoptosis is seen in endocardial cushions
|