mortality/aging
• homozygous embryos die around 6.5 to 7.5 dpc
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embryo
• cultured 3.5-dpc blastocysts fail to show proliferation of the inner cell mass (ICM) compared to wild-type blastocysts
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• embryos at 6.5 dpc develop epiblasts and visceral and parietal endoderm, but with significantly fewer cells than in wild-type embryos which undergo normal gastrulation
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• trophoblasts of cultured 3.5 dpc blastocysts fail to proliferate, in contrast to wild-type and heterozygous blastocysts which show normal growth and expansion in culture
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cellular
• cultured 3.5-dpc blastocysts fail to show proliferation of the inner cell mass (ICM) compared to wild-type blastocysts
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