mortality/aging
• homozygotes are born alive but die within 12 hours
• death can be delayed with intraperitoneal injections of 20% sucrose-PBS every 2 hours
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behavior/neurological
• mutants are unable to suckle normally
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• around 27% of mutants do not display a righting reflex at birth
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• over 50% of mutants have an impaired ability to support their weight compared to wild-type littermates
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craniofacial
• the ventral extension of the soft palate is reduced or absent resulting in an enlarged nasopharyngeal opening
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• in mutants the anterior portion of the tongue is about 8% wider than normal at birth
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homeostasis/metabolism
dehydration
(
J:92241
)
• inability to suckle results in dehydration
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respiratory system
• the epiglottis is smaller than normal with a sagging or wilted appearance
• combined with the soft palate abnormality this results in an inability to close off the trachea during suckling
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skeleton
• the epiglottis is smaller than normal with a sagging or wilted appearance
• combined with the soft palate abnormality this results in an inability to close off the trachea during suckling
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nervous system
• the percent of mutants with fusions of or connections between the proximal glossopharyngeal nerve and the vagal or spinal accessory nerves was doubled compared to wild-type littermates
• in 8% of mutants the inferior glossopharyngeal nerve is not connected to the hindbrain
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• more mutants display truncations of the most posterior roots that contribute to the hypoglossal nerve compared to wild-type littermates
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• more mutants have persistent dorsal root-like ganglia at the anterior cervical level compared to wild-type littermates
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digestive/alimentary system
• the ventral extension of the soft palate is reduced or absent resulting in an enlarged nasopharyngeal opening
|
• in mutants the anterior portion of the tongue is about 8% wider than normal at birth
|
• the epiglottis is smaller than normal with a sagging or wilted appearance
• combined with the soft palate abnormality this results in an inability to close off the trachea during suckling
|
growth/size/body
• the ventral extension of the soft palate is reduced or absent resulting in an enlarged nasopharyngeal opening
|
• in mutants the anterior portion of the tongue is about 8% wider than normal at birth
|