mortality/aging
• homozygous embryos die around E11.5
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cardiovascular system
• at E9.5 the dorsal aorta is underdeveloped and abnormally formed
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• at E9.5 hypoplasia of the branchial arch arteries is seen with no arteries arising from the aortic sac
• however, formation of the 1st and 2nd arch arteries does occur
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• primary vascular plexi form in the head and yolk sac but are not remodeled into normal vasculature
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• at E9.5 associated with the absence of the branchial arch arteries a large pericardial effusion is seen
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embryo
• at E9.5 hypoplasia of the branchial arch arteries is seen with no arteries arising from the aortic sac
• however, formation of the 1st and 2nd arch arteries does occur
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• at E9.5
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• at E9.5
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• at E9.5 hypoplasia of the branchial arches is seen
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• after E9.5 mutant embryos are growth retarded
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• the visceral endoderm and mesoderm are only fused at discrete loci
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• the vascular plexus forms but is not remodeled into a mature vascular network
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growth/size/body
• after E9.5 mutant embryos are growth retarded
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craniofacial
• at E9.5 hypoplasia of the branchial arch arteries is seen with no arteries arising from the aortic sac
• however, formation of the 1st and 2nd arch arteries does occur
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• at E9.5
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• at E9.5
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• at E9.5 hypoplasia of the branchial arches is seen
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homeostasis/metabolism
• at E9.5 associated with the absence of the branchial arch arteries a large pericardial effusion is seen
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