hematopoietic system
homeostasis/metabolism
Allele Symbol Allele Name Allele ID |
Tg(Vil1-cre)20Syr transgene insertion 20, Sylvie Robine MGI:3053819 |
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Summary |
51 genotypes
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♀ | phenotype observed in females |
♂ | phenotype observed in males |
N | normal phenotype |
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♀ | phenotype observed in females |
♂ | phenotype observed in males |
N | normal phenotype |
• crypt cells fail to form intestinal organoids in vitro
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• crypt cells fail to form intestinal organoids in vitro
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|
♀ | phenotype observed in females |
♂ | phenotype observed in males |
N | normal phenotype |
• higher rectal temperature after cold challenge in mice fed a high-fat diet following a more significant drop in inguinal region
• however, response to is restored following oral or rectal administration of lactate
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• in fasted mice fed a high-fat diet
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• after cold challenge in mice fed a high-fat diet
• however, treatment with lactate restores normal energy expenditure
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• despite equivalent food intake, mice fed a high-fat diet exhibit improved body weight gain and body fat content compared with control mice
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• in the inguinal fat and epididymal fat of mice fed a high-fat diet after cold challenge along with increased mitochondrial CK activity
• however, treatment with lactate restores normal adaptive thermogenesis
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• after cold challenge in mice fed a high-fat diet
• however, treatment with lactate restores normal RER
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• in mice fed a high-fat diet
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• in mice fed a high-fat diet
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• especially conjugated bile acids TCA and tauro-beta-muricholic acid, and precursor DCA in mice fed a high-fat diet compared with control mice
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• mice fed a high-fat diet exhibit inhibition of B. vulgatus and enrichment of R. torques associated with reduction in intestinal lactate levels compared with control mice
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• in mice fed a high-fat diet
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• in mice fed a high-fat diet
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• despite equivalent food intake, mice fed a high-fat diet exhibit improved body weight gain and body fat content compared with control mice
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♀ | phenotype observed in females |
♂ | phenotype observed in males |
N | normal phenotype |
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|
♀ | phenotype observed in females |
♂ | phenotype observed in males |
N | normal phenotype |
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|
♀ | phenotype observed in females |
♂ | phenotype observed in males |
N | normal phenotype |
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|
♀ | phenotype observed in females |
♂ | phenotype observed in males |
N | normal phenotype |
• mice develop intestinal adenocarcinomas with a median tumor-free survival of 5.2 months of age and no distant metastases are seen
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• mice develop intestinal adenocarcinomas with a median tumor-free survival of 5.2 months of age and no distant metastases are seen
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♀ | phenotype observed in females |
♂ | phenotype observed in males |
N | normal phenotype |
• reduced visible and total lesions in the small intestine
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• reduced visible and total lesions in the small intestine
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N |
• no increase in apoptosis is observed in non tumor tissue
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♀ | phenotype observed in females |
♂ | phenotype observed in males |
N | normal phenotype |
• mice develop intestinal adenocarcinomas with a median tumor-free survival of 5.4 months of age and no distant metastases are seen
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• mice develop intestinal adenocarcinomas with a median tumor-free survival of 5.4 months of age and no distant metastases are seen
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♀ | phenotype observed in females |
♂ | phenotype observed in males |
N | normal phenotype |
• hunching appears in some animals at 90 days of age
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• increased size and number of small intestine adenomas
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• increased size and number of small intestine adenomas
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♀ | phenotype observed in females |
♂ | phenotype observed in males |
N | normal phenotype |
• increase in intestinal progenitor cell proliferation in the crypts
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• large increase in proliferating cells compared to controls following DSS treatment
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• striking increase in the number of tumors in mice following azoxymethane and DSS treatment
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• tumors induced by azoxymethane and DSS treatment are increased in size compared to controls
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• striking increase in the number of tumors in mice following azoxymethane and DSS treatment
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• large increase in proliferating cells compared to controls following DSS treatment
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• increase in intestinal progenitor cell proliferation in the crypts
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♀ | phenotype observed in females |
♂ | phenotype observed in males |
N | normal phenotype |
• mice die by 10 months of age
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• mice occasionally die between E17 and P3
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• mice occasionally die between E17 and P3
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• mice occasionally die between E17 and P3
• fewer than expected mice survive until weaning
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• lesions in the renal tubule epithelia are observed as early as 15 days of age with most initiating in the corticomedullary junctions as projections of atypical epithelial cells into the proximal convoluted tubule lumen
• by 3 months of age, all mice develop lumen-filling intratubular neoplasia unlike wild-type mice
• by 6 months, tumors increase in size and number penetrating tubule basement membrane as invasive carcinomas
• renal tubule carcinoma cells exhibit a 7-fold increase in proliferation compared to in Nf2tm2Gth homozygotes
• however, treatment with erlotinib reduces cell proliferation
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• lesions in the renal tubule epithelia are observed as early as 15 days of age with most initiating in the corticomedullary junctions as projections of atypical epithelial cells into the proximal convoluted tubule lumen
• by 3 months of age, all mice develop lumen-filling intratubular neoplasia unlike wild-type mice
• by 6 months, tumors increase in size and number penetrating tubule basement membrane as invasive carcinomas
• renal tubule carcinoma cells exhibit a 7-fold increase in proliferation compared to in Nf2tm2Gth homozygotes
• however, treatment with erlotinib reduces cell proliferation
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Mouse Models of Human Disease |
DO ID | OMIM ID(s) | Ref(s) | |
renal cell carcinoma | DOID:4450 |
OMIM:300854 |
J:150071 |
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♀ | phenotype observed in females |
♂ | phenotype observed in males |
N | normal phenotype |
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♀ | phenotype observed in females |
♂ | phenotype observed in males |
N | normal phenotype |
• only 20% of mice born alive survive beyond 100 days
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• only 20% of mice born alive survive beyond 100 days
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• recovered at a lower than expected Mendelian frequency
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• enterocytes expressing cre have enlarged endosomes
• marked vacuolation of enterocytes in the ileum
• decrease in actin at the apical surface and ectopic localization of DPP4 and IAP
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• sparse in number
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• short
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• overt fibrosis of the muscularis mucosa
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• lymphocyte infiltration is prominent in both the mucosa and submucosa
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• decrease in circulating choline esterase levels
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• at 5 weeks of age, average weight is about 60% of the mean littermate control body weight
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• lymphocyte infiltration is prominent in both the mucosa and submucosa
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Mouse Models of Human Disease |
DO ID | OMIM ID(s) | Ref(s) | |
Crohn's disease | DOID:8778 | J:193689 |
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♀ | phenotype observed in females |
♂ | phenotype observed in males |
N | normal phenotype |
• tumors in small intestine are almost absent at 120 days of age
• fewer and smaller tumors at 90 days of age as well
• decrease in numbers of tumors between 90 and 120 days
• no increase in tumor size between 90 and 120 days
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• also reduced at 120 days
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• adenomas are one tenth the size of those found in controls at 120 days of age
• increased cell proliferation in adenomas at 90 days
• increased apoptosis in smaller adenomas but not larger ones at 90 days
• apoptosis is also increased in non tumor tissue
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• increased apoptosis in smaller adenomas but not larger ones at 90 days
• apoptosis is also increased in non tumor tissue
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• tumors in small intestine are almost absent at 120 days of age
• fewer and smaller tumors at 90 days of age as well
• decrease in numbers of tumors between 90 and 120 days
• no increase in tumor size between 90 and 120 days
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• also reduced at 120 days
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• adenomas are one tenth the size of those found in controls at 120 days of age
• increased cell proliferation in adenomas at 90 days
• increased apoptosis in smaller adenomas but not larger ones at 90 days
• apoptosis is also increased in non tumor tissue
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♀ | phenotype observed in females |
♂ | phenotype observed in males |
N | normal phenotype |
N |
• normal intestinal histology
• normal desmosomal plaques in intestines
• normal intestinal permeability
• normal susceptibility to dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis
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N |
• no gross abnormalities
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N |
• normal susceptibility to dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis
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♀ | phenotype observed in females |
♂ | phenotype observed in males |
N | normal phenotype |
• decreased Lgr5-GFP+ cells pre and post tamoxifen treatment
• tamoxifen-treated cultured intestinal crypt organoids exhibit fewer outgrowths and fail to reform after disaggregation unlike control cultures
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♀ | phenotype observed in females |
♂ | phenotype observed in males |
N | normal phenotype |
N |
• male mice exhibit normal spermatogenesis
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• often contains many spermatozoa
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• atrophic
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• with dilation at that the expense of the epithelium
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• spermatozoa accumulate in the efferent ducts unlike in wild-type mice
• efferent duct epithelium lacks multiciliated cells and exhibit decreased abundance of endocytic vesicle apparatus
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• no spermatozoa are detected in the epididymis
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• often contains many spermatozoa
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• atrophic
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• with dilation at that the expense of the epithelium
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♀ | phenotype observed in females |
♂ | phenotype observed in males |
N | normal phenotype |
N |
• loss of expression of 1 copy of Tph1 in the gut rescues the bone phenotype seen in Lrp5 null mice
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♀ | phenotype observed in females |
♂ | phenotype observed in males |
N | normal phenotype |
• mice exhibit reduced endocytic uptake of beta-lactoglobulin by proximal tubule cells similar to in Clcn5tm1Tjj homozygotes
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• mice exhibit reduced endocytic uptake of beta-lactoglobulin by proximal tubule cells similar to in Clcn5tm1Tjj homozygotes
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♀ | phenotype observed in females |
♂ | phenotype observed in males |
N | normal phenotype |
Loss of enteroendocrine cells in Neurog3tm1Fgu/Neurog3tm3.1Ggr Tg(Vil1-cre)20Syr/0 and Neurog3tm3.1Ggr/Neurog3tm3.1Ggr Tg(Vil1-cre)20Syr/0 mice
• 50% of mice die within the first 8 days of life
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• goblet cells in the large intestine are larger than in wild-type mice and mostly devoid of mucus
• however, goblet cell numbers are normal in the small intestine
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• at E19.5, crypt cell proliferation is increased compared to in wild-type mice
• in adult mice, crypt cell proliferation is increased with an up to 1.6-fold increase in cell turnover compared to in wild-type mice
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• as early as embryogenesis, mice lack enteroendocrine progenitors along the proximal-distal axis of the intestine unlike in wild-type mice
• however, intestinal epithelial cell proliferation is normal
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• as early as embryogenesis, mice lack enteroendocrine progenitors along the proximal-distal axis of the intestine unlike in wild-type mice
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• mice excrete yellowish stool unlike wild-type mice
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• surviving mice exhibit soft stool that does not cease with age unlike in wild-type mice
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• small intestine crypts are disorganized, larger, and more abundant than in wild-type mice
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• the large intestine exhibits a reduction in the length of glands of up to 1.5 times compared with wild-type mice
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• villi are blunted or club shaped with frequent dilation and strong detachment of the epithelium from the basement membrane unlike in wild-type mice
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• microvilli on absorptive cells are sparser, 60% shorter, but twice as large as on wild-type cells
• the brush border of absorptive cells in the small intestine is reduced 44% compared to in wild-type mice
• however, expression of brush border enzymes and glucose transporters is normal
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• 60% shorter than in wild-type mice
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• mice produce more feces compared with wild-type mice
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• impaired
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• intestinal transit time is increased 2.3-fold compared to in wild-type mice
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• mice excrete yellowish stool unlike wild-type mice
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• impaired
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• slightly
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• slightly
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• in an intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test, mice exhibit lower serum glucose levels than in similarly treated wild-type mice
• fasting mice exhibit decreased blood glucose compared with similarly treated wild-type mice
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• in an oral glucose tolerance test, mice exhibit improved glucose clearance compared with similarly treated wild-type mice
• in an intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test, mice exhibit lower serum glucose levels than in similarly treated wild-type mice
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• slightly at 14 and 17 weeks
• insulin-mediated hypoglycemic response is blunted compared to in wild-type mice
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• mice exhibit reduced abdominal fat compared with wild-type mice
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• small intestine crypts are disorganized, larger, and more abundant than in wild-type mice
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• mice exhibit more medium and large islets with centrally located alpha cells than in wild-type mice
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• mice exhibit a shift from large to single islets compared with wild-type mice
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• goblet cells in the large intestine are larger than in wild-type mice and mostly devoid of mucus
• however, goblet cell numbers are normal in the small intestine
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• at E19.5, crypt cell proliferation is increased compared to in wild-type mice
• in adult mice, crypt cell proliferation is increased with an up to 1.6-fold increase in cell turnover compared to in wild-type mice
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|
|
♀ | phenotype observed in females |
♂ | phenotype observed in males |
N | normal phenotype |
Loss of enteroendocrine cells in Neurog3tm1Fgu/Neurog3tm3.1Ggr Tg(Vil1-cre)20Syr/0 and Neurog3tm3.1Ggr/Neurog3tm3.1Ggr Tg(Vil1-cre)20Syr/0 mice
• 50% of mice die within the first 8 days of life
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• mice excrete yellowish stool unlike wild-type mice
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• impaired
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• slightly
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• slightly
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• in an intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test, mice exhibit lower serum glucose levels than in similarly treated wild-type mice
• fasting mice exhibit decreased blood glucose compared with similarly treated wild-type mice
|
• in an oral glucose tolerance test, mice exhibit improved glucose clearance compared with similarly treated wild-type mice
• in an intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test, mice exhibit lower serum glucose levels than in similarly treated wild-type mice
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• slightly at 14 and 17 weeks
• insulin-mediated hypoglycemic response is blunted compared to in wild-type mice
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• goblet cells in the large intestine are larger than in wild-type mice and mostly devoid of mucus
• however, goblet cell numbers are normal in the small intestine
|
• at E19.5, crypt cell proliferation is increased compared to in wild-type mice
• in adult mice, crypt cell proliferation is increased with an up to 1.6-fold increase in cell turnover compared to in wild-type mice
|
• as early as embryogenesis, mice lack enteroendocrine progenitors along the proximal-distal axis of the intestine unlike in wild-type mice
• however, intestinal epithelial cell proliferation is normal
|
• as early as embryogenesis, mice lack enteroendocrine progenitors along the proximal-distal axis of the intestine unlike in wild-type mice
|
• mice excrete yellowish stool unlike wild-type mice
|
• surviving mice exhibit soft stool that does not cease with age unlike in wild-type mice
|
• small intestine crypts are disorganized, larger, and more abundant than in wild-type mice
|
• the large intestine exhibits a reduction in the length of glands of up to 1.5 times compared with wild-type mice
|
• villi are blunted or club shaped with frequent dilation and strong detachment of the epithelium from the basement membrane unlike in wild-type mice
|
• microvilli on absorptive cells are sparser, 60% shorter, but twice as large as on wild-type cells
• the brush border of absorptive cells in the small intestine is reduced 44% compared to in wild-type mice
• however, expression of brush border enzymes and glucose transporters is normal
|
• 60% shorter than in wild-type mice
|
• mice produce more feces compared with wild-type mice
|
• impaired
|
• intestinal transit time is increased 2.3-fold compared to in wild-type mice
|
• mice exhibit reduced abdominal fat compared with wild-type mice
|
• small intestine crypts are disorganized, larger, and more abundant than in wild-type mice
|
• mice exhibit more medium and large islets with centrally located alpha cells than in wild-type mice
|
• mice exhibit a shift from large to single islets compared with wild-type mice
|
• goblet cells in the large intestine are larger than in wild-type mice and mostly devoid of mucus
• however, goblet cell numbers are normal in the small intestine
|
• at E19.5, crypt cell proliferation is increased compared to in wild-type mice
• in adult mice, crypt cell proliferation is increased with an up to 1.6-fold increase in cell turnover compared to in wild-type mice
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♀ | phenotype observed in females |
♂ | phenotype observed in males |
N | normal phenotype |
• phenotype is the same as in mice homozygous null for Htr1b and mice conditional null for Tph1 in the gut
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♀ | phenotype observed in females |
♂ | phenotype observed in males |
N | normal phenotype |
• mice exhibit increased cell proliferation in the colonic crypt compared with wild-type mice
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• mice exhibit increased cell proliferation in the colonic crypt compared with wild-type mice
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♀ | phenotype observed in females |
♂ | phenotype observed in males |
N | normal phenotype |
• no mice are found at birth due to recombination in the extraembryonic visceral endoderm
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|
♀ | phenotype observed in females |
♂ | phenotype observed in males |
N | normal phenotype |
• mice die before P3 with variable timing
• treatment with iron dextran does not extend lifespan
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• reduced proliferation in intervillous regions
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• mice exhibit milk in intestinal lumen, shorter intestines with apparent melena compared with wild-type mice
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• larger intestinal epithelial cells contain vacuole-like lipid accumulation than in wild-type cells
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• severe disruption of epithelial integrity with blunted villi, smaller intervillous regions, edema in the lamina propria and enlarged vacuole-like structures in the intestinal epithelial cells at P2
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• reduced length with apparent melena
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• severe disruption of epithelial integrity with blunted villi, smaller intervillous regions, edema in the lamina propria and enlarged vacuole-like structures in the intestinal epithelial cells at E18.5 and P2
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• severe disruption of epithelial integrity with blunted villi, smaller intervillous regions, edema in the lamina propria and enlarged vacuole-like structures in the intestinal epithelial cells at P2
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• blunted villi
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• with milk
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• mice fail to thrice and are runted by P1
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• reduced proliferation in intervillous regions
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|
♀ | phenotype observed in females |
♂ | phenotype observed in males |
N | normal phenotype |
• some mice die postnatally
• however, most mice are alive at 2 months
|
• mice that die exhibit the same phenotype as Tfrctm3.1Nca/Tfrctm3.1Nca Tg(Vil-cre)20Syr mice
• however, mice that survive at 2 months exhibit normal architecture and proliferation of crypt intestinal epithelial cells
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|
♀ | phenotype observed in females |
♂ | phenotype observed in males |
N | normal phenotype |
• mice are viable and fertile with normal intestinal morphology and efferent duct epithelium
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|
♀ | phenotype observed in females |
♂ | phenotype observed in males |
N | normal phenotype |
• sinusoid areas of the liver particularly
• dysplastic erythropoiesis in the spleen
|
• progressive anemia developed after birth
• profound but not as severe as in knock-out mice
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• decreased non-heme iron in the spleen
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• expanded red pulp
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• decreased non-heme iron in the heart
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• decreased non-heme iron in the spleen
|
• diminished non-heme iron levels in the brain
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• decreased non-heme iron
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• decreased non-heme iron in the liver
|
• decreased non-heme iron in the heart
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• decreased non-heme iron in the spleen
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• expanded red pulp
|
• decreased non-heme iron in the liver
|
• decreased non-heme iron
|
• diminished non-heme iron levels in the brain
|
|
|
♀ | phenotype observed in females |
♂ | phenotype observed in males |
N | normal phenotype |
• intestinal tumors are increased in number compared to in ApcMin/Apc+ Tg(Vil-cre)20Syr
|
• intestinal tumors exhibit increased cell proliferation and size compared to in ApcMin/Apc+ Tg(Vil-cre)20Syr
|
• intestinal tumors are increased in number compared to in ApcMin/Apc+ Tg(Vil-cre)20Syr
|
|
|
♀ | phenotype observed in females |
♂ | phenotype observed in males |
N | normal phenotype |
N |
• normal colon length and intestinal histology
• no diarrhea
• normal intestinal basal cell proliferation
• no intestinal inflammation
• normal desmosomal plaques in intestines
|
• wider intercellular spaces between desmosomal plaques in small and large intestine
• normal desmosomal plaques in intestines
|
• stronger inflammatory reaction, hyperproliferation and increased epithelial detachment and crypt elongation in intestines and higher fecal bacterial colony forming unit (CFU) count after Citrobacter rodentium exposure
• normal infection clearance after Citrobacter rodentium exposure
|
• shorter colon, more profound weight loss, intestinal lesions and bloody diarrhea after administration of low doses of dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)
• epithelial loss, edema, inflammatory reactions and goblet cell loss in intestines after administration of low doses of dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)
|
• stronger inflammatory reaction, hyperproliferation and increased epithelial detachment and crypt elongation in intestines and higher fecal bacterial colony forming unit (CFU) count after Citrobacter rodentium exposure
• normal infection clearance after Citrobacter rodentium exposure
|
• shorter colon, more profound weight loss, intestinal lesions and bloody diarrhea after administration of low doses of dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)
• epithelial loss, edema, inflammatory reactions and goblet cell loss in intestines after administration of low doses of dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)
|
N |
• normal postnatal weight gain and colon length
|
• shorter colon, more profound weight loss, intestinal lesions and bloody diarrhea after administration of low doses of dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)
• epithelial loss, edema, inflammatory reactions and goblet cell loss in intestines after administration of low doses of dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)
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|
|
♀ | phenotype observed in females |
♂ | phenotype observed in males |
N | normal phenotype |
• beginning at 6 months, mice develop intestinal tumors
• by 10 months, 50% of mice develop intestinal tumors
|
• 82% of tumors
|
• 18% of tumors
|
• mice develop fewer and larger tumors than in Msh2tm2.1Rak/Msh2tm3.1Wed Tg(Vil-cre)20Syr mice
• tumors do not respond to treatment with cisplatin or FOLFOX unlike tumors from Msh2tm2.1Rak/Msh2tm3.1Wed Tg(Vil-cre)20Syr mice
|
• tumor cells exhibit increased microsatellite instability compared with wild-type cells
|
• tumors do not respond to treatment with cisplatin or FOLFOX unlike tumors from Msh2tm2.1Rak/Msh2tm3.1Wed Tg(Vil-cre)20Syr mice
• FOLFOX-treated intestinal mucosa exhibit decreased apoptosis compared with similarly treated cells from Msh2tm2.1Wed homozygotes and Msh2tm2.1Rak/Msh2tm3.1Wed Tg(Vil-cre)20Syr mice
|
• tumor cells exhibit increased microsatellite instability compared with wild-type cells
|
• beginning at 6 months, mice develop intestinal tumors
• by 10 months, 50% of mice develop intestinal tumors
|
• 82% of tumors
|
• 18% of tumors
|
Mouse Models of Human Disease |
DO ID | OMIM ID(s) | Ref(s) | |
Lynch syndrome | DOID:3883 |
OMIM:PS120435 |
J:161577 |
|
|
♀ | phenotype observed in females |
♂ | phenotype observed in males |
N | normal phenotype |
• mice exhibit reduced endocytic uptake of beta-lactoglobulin by proximal tubule cells similar to in Clcn5tm1Tjj homozygotes
|
• mice exhibit reduced endocytic uptake of beta-lactoglobulin by proximal tubule cells similar to in Clcn5tm1Tjj homozygotes
|
|
|
♀ | phenotype observed in females |
♂ | phenotype observed in males |
N | normal phenotype |
• beginning at 10 months, mice develop intestinal tumors
• by 13 months, 50% of mice develop intestinal tumors
|
• 63% of tumors
|
• 37% of tumors
|
• mice develop more and smaller tumors than in Msh2tm1Rak/Msh2tm2.1Wed Tg(Vil-cre)20Syr mice
• tumors respond to treatment with cisplatin or FOLFOX unlike tumors from Msh2tm1Rak/Msh2tm2.1Wed Tg(Vil-cre)20Syr mice
|
• tumor cells exhibit increased microsatellite instability compared with wild-type cells
|
• tumors respond to treatment with cisplatin or FOLFOX unlike tumors from Msh2tm1Rak/Msh2tm2.1Wed Tg(Vil-cre)20Syr mice
• FOLFOX-treated intestinal mucosa cells exhibit decreased apoptosis compared with similarly treated cells from Msh2tm2.1Wed homozygotes but increased compared with similarly treated cell from Msh2tm1Rak/Msh2tm2.1Wed Tg(Vil-cre)20Syr mice
|
• tumor cells exhibit increased microsatellite instability compared with wild-type cells
|
• beginning at 10 months, mice develop intestinal tumors
• by 13 months, 50% of mice develop intestinal tumors
|
• 63% of tumors
|
• 37% of tumors
|
Mouse Models of Human Disease |
DO ID | OMIM ID(s) | Ref(s) | |
Lynch syndrome | DOID:3883 |
OMIM:PS120435 |
J:161577 |
|
|
♀ | phenotype observed in females |
♂ | phenotype observed in males |
N | normal phenotype |
• all mice die by 17 months of age
|
• 89% of mice develop small intestine tumors compared with 6% of wild-type mice
• 50% of small intestine tumors are adenomas while the rest are highly invasive adenocarcinomas
|
• 50% of small intestine tumors are highly invasive adenocarcinomas
|
• 50% of small intestine tumors are adenomas
|
• in only 1 of 150 mice
|
• intestinal epithelial cells exhibit an increase in microsatellite instability compared with wild-type cells
• tumor cells exhibit increased microsatellite instability compared with wild-type cells
|
• intestinal epithelial cells exhibit an increase in microsatellite instability compared with wild-type cells
• tumor cells exhibit increased microsatellite instability compared with wild-type cells
|
• 89% of mice develop small intestine tumors compared with 6% of wild-type mice
• 50% of small intestine tumors are adenomas while the rest are highly invasive adenocarcinomas
|
• 50% of small intestine tumors are highly invasive adenocarcinomas
|
• 50% of small intestine tumors are adenomas
|
Mouse Models of Human Disease |
DO ID | OMIM ID(s) | Ref(s) | |
Lynch syndrome | DOID:3883 |
OMIM:PS120435 |
J:161577 |
|
|
♀ | phenotype observed in females |
♂ | phenotype observed in males |
N | normal phenotype |
|
|
♀ | phenotype observed in females |
♂ | phenotype observed in males |
N | normal phenotype |
• at P90, body weight is significantly lower than that of wild-type controls
|
• growth begins to lag behind that of wild-type controls in the second month of life into adulthood
|
• SEM analysis of the intestinal epithelium revealed bare regions that lack closely spaced villi
• villus surfaces appear rougher and less flat than those in wild-type controls
|
• enterocytes exhibit a domed apical surface with an abnormal outward/convex curvature
• however, apical-basolateral polarity and simple columnar morphology remain normal
|
• mean crypt depth at the proximal (duodenal) end of the small intestine is significantly decreased
|
• TEM of the brush borders in jejunal tissues revealed that enterocytes show prominent apical doming
|
• intermicrovillar adhesion complex (IMAC) components CDHR5, USH1C, and MYO7B are displaced from their normal localization at the tips of microvilli, unlike in wild-type controls
• microvilli are significantly shorter and more variable in length, and show a splayed morphology with significant physical separation and free space between neighboring protrusions
• intermicrovillar adhesion links, normally seen at the tips of wild-type microvilli, are almost entirely absent; in rare cases, remnant link-like structures between some microvilli are observed
• a subset of microvilli show irregular non-cylindrical shapes such that cross-sections show more angular or oblong profiles rather than circular and cross-sectional area is significantly increased
• misshapen microvilli have abnormally large, poorly consolidated core actin bundles or in some cases multiple core-like structures
• microvilli show a striking loss of hexagonal packing order and reduced packing density, with enterocytes having ~33% fewer protrusions per unit apical area relative to wild-type controls
|
• mean villus length at the proximal (duodenal) end of the small intestine is significantly decreased
|
• levels of key apical enzymes and transporters that are critical for enterocyte function are significantly reduced in the brush border
|
• mean crypt depth at the proximal (duodenal) end of the small intestine is significantly decreased
|
|
|
♀ | phenotype observed in females |
♂ | phenotype observed in males |
N | normal phenotype |
N |
• normal susceptibility to weight loss after oral DSS administration
|
N |
• normal sensitivity to DSS-induced colitis (diarrhea, weight loss, intestinal inflammation, vascular leakage in intestines)
|
|
|
♀ | phenotype observed in females |
♂ | phenotype observed in males |
N | normal phenotype |
|
|
♀ | phenotype observed in females |
♂ | phenotype observed in males |
N | normal phenotype |
• accumulation of neutral lipids in intestinal epithelia at 8 months of age
|
• at 7 to 10 months of age
|
• accumulation of neutral lipids in intestinal epithelia at 8 months of age
• however, serum cholesterol and lipoproteins levels are normal
|
|
|
♀ | phenotype observed in females |
♂ | phenotype observed in males |
N | normal phenotype |
• develop several lesions in the small intestines and colons by 4 - 5 months of age
|
• develop by 4 - 5 months of age
|
• develop several lesions in the small intestines and colons by 4 - 5 months of age
|
• develop by 4 - 5 months of age
|
|
|
♀ | phenotype observed in females |
♂ | phenotype observed in males |
N | normal phenotype |
• decreased bone formation
|
|
|
♀ | phenotype observed in females |
♂ | phenotype observed in males |
N | normal phenotype |
• decreased circulating serotonin levels
|
• increased bone formation
|
|
|
♀ | phenotype observed in females |
♂ | phenotype observed in males |
N | normal phenotype |
• some mice die following the first week after birth
|
• enlarged postnatally that fail to form intestinal organoids in vitro
• however, embryonic intestinal development is normal
|
• at P9
|
• from P5 through P30
|
• enlarged postnatally that fail to form intestinal organoids in vitro
• however, embryonic intestinal development is normal
|
|
|
♀ | phenotype observed in females |
♂ | phenotype observed in males |
N | normal phenotype |
• one week after exposure to 2.5% dextran sodium sulfate (DSS), colonic epithelium shows high resistance to the effects relative to wild-type and Kras mutant animals; sensitivity to DSS-induced apoptosis is strongly reduced
|
|
|
♀ | phenotype observed in females |
♂ | phenotype observed in males |
N | normal phenotype |
• all DSS treated mice unlike similarly treated control mice
|
• fewer than expected mice are born
|
N |
• mice exhibit normal villus number and structure in the small intestine
|
• reduced number
|
• impaired proliferation and differentiation of Lgr5+ stem cells
|
• enlarged and thickened
|
• reduced number
|
• fewer lysozyme positive Paneth cells
|
• failure to regenerated colon crypts after X-ray damage
|
• all DSS treated mice unlike similarly treated control mice
|
• in surviving mice
|
• failure to regenerated colon crypts after X-ray damage
|
• all DSS treated mice unlike similarly treated control mice
|
• reduced number
|
• reduced number
|
• enlarged and thickened
|
• reduced number
|
• fewer lysozyme positive Paneth cells
|
|
|
♀ | phenotype observed in females |
♂ | phenotype observed in males |
N | normal phenotype |
• increased osteoblast proliferation
|
• decreased circulating serotonin levels
|
• increased osteoblast proliferation
|
• severe
• ovariectomy does not result in decreased bone mass unlike in controls
|
• increased bone formation
|
|
|
♀ | phenotype observed in females |
♂ | phenotype observed in males |
N | normal phenotype |
• decreased osteoblast proliferation
|
• circulating serotonin levels are 5- to 8-fold higher compared to controls
|
• decreased osteoblast proliferation
|
• decreased bone formation
|
N |
• unlike in null mice, persistence of hyaloid vessels is not seen
|
|
|
♀ | phenotype observed in females |
♂ | phenotype observed in males |
N | normal phenotype |
• increased incidence of intraepithelial neoplasias in the small and large intestines
|
• adenomas are seen in the small and large intestines
|
• increased incidence of intraepithelial neoplasias in the small and large intestines
|
• adenomas are seen in the small and large intestines
|
|
|
♀ | phenotype observed in females |
♂ | phenotype observed in males |
N | normal phenotype |
• increased incidence of intraepithelial neoplasias in the small and large intestines
|
• adenomas are seen in the small and large intestines
|
• increased incidence of intraepithelial neoplasias in the small and large intestines
|
• adenomas are seen in the small and large intestines
|
|
|
♀ | phenotype observed in females |
♂ | phenotype observed in males |
N | normal phenotype |
N |
• cell survival in adult intestine is normal
|
Mouse Genome Database (MGD), Gene Expression Database (GXD), Mouse Models of Human Cancer database (MMHCdb) (formerly Mouse Tumor Biology (MTB)), Gene Ontology (GO) |
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last database update 11/19/2024 MGI 6.24 |
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