mortality/aging
• do not survive past E10.5
|
embryo
• by E9-9.5, fail to undergo embryo turning
|
• abnormal heart looping indicates abnormal development of left-right asymmetry
|
• embryonic growth retardation is observed by E9-9.5 but not at E8.5
|
• abnormal node architecture at E7.75, ranging from mild changes in the shape of the node to irregular distribution of nodal cells
|
• observed by E9-9.5
|
nervous system
• 4 of 14 have aneurysms in the diencephalic hemispheres
|
• 4 of 14 have hemorrhage in the diencephalic hemispheres
|
cardiovascular system
• descending aorta is dilated
|
• 4 of 14 have aneurysms in the diencephalic hemispheres
|
• myocardium hyperplasia
|
• 4 of 13 have L-looped (leftward) hearts at E9.5-10.5 and one has indeterminate cardiac looping
|
• 4 of 14 have hemorrhage in the diencephalic hemispheres
|
growth/size/body
• embryonic growth retardation is observed by E9-9.5 but not at E8.5
|
muscle
• myocardium hyperplasia
|