mortality/aging
• no homozygous embryos are found at E11.5 or E12.5
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embryo
• at E5.5 the embryos appear disorganized with no clear extraembryonic or embryonic boundaries
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• homozygous embryos arrest around E5.5 at the early egg cylinder stage and by E7.5 are disorganized and improperly oriented in the yolk sac cavity
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• at E6.5 and E7.5 homozygous embryos are severely growth retarded
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• the cells of the inner cell mass fail to proliferate in culture and no ES cell lines could be generated from homozygous mutants
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• the ectoplacental cone fails to elongate after E5.5
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• trophoblast outgrowth is impaired in culture
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growth/size/body
• at E6.5 and E7.5 homozygous embryos are severely growth retarded
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