reproductive system
|
• short sperm tails
|
|
• low epididymal sperm concentration
|
|
• abnormally shaped sperm heads; some abnormalities of spermatid head shape
|
|
• low epididymal sperm motility and poor IVF success
|
cellular
|
• short sperm tails
|
|
• low epididymal sperm concentration
|
|
• abnormally shaped sperm heads; some abnormalities of spermatid head shape
|
|
• low epididymal sperm motility and poor IVF success
|