Analysis Tools
growth/size/body
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• males at 3 months of age started to weigh less (26.3 g) than wild-type (31.9 g), while females had similar weights
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muscle
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• mRNAs for all three isoforms of calcineurin A are significantly elevated in the diaphragm muscle; a significant increase in calcineurin protein levels is seen in diaphragm muscle homogenates from the mutant mice.
• no difference observed in calcineurin protein level in EDL and soleus muscles between mutant mice and controls
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• the diaphragm exhibits an increased percentage of muscle fibers containing internal nuclei
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• the diaphragm muscle shows a shift in fast to slow muscle fiber ratio (i.e. of type I to type II fibers)
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• mutant myotubes exhibit a reduced maximal voltage-gated Ca2+ release, but decay of the Ca2+transients is not significantly different in the mutant and control
• mutant myotubes were more sensitive to caffeine-induced Ca2+ release than controls
• no significant differences in resting Ca2+ levels
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• greater tetanic force in the diaphragm than in controls at frequencies between 15 and 50 Hz; however, isometric tetanic force in the extensor digitorum longus (EDL) muscles was 19-32% less than controls at stimulation frequencies between 60 and 300 Hz
• abnormal calcium homeostasis
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homeostasis/metabolism
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• mutant myotubes exhibit a reduced maximal voltage-gated Ca2+ release, but decay of the Ca2+transients is not significantly different in the mutant and control
• mutant myotubes were more sensitive to caffeine-induced Ca2+ release than controls
• no significant differences in resting Ca2+ levels
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