mortality/aging
• die during the first week after birth
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growth/size/body
• growth retardation after P1
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skeleton
• less calcified matrix was deposited in vertebrae at E16.5
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• at E14.5, cells of the primordial arches of developing vertebrae appeared smaller and less hypertrophic
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• reduced zone of hypertrophic chondrocytes in E14.5-P4 femoral and tibial growth plates but not at E13.5
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• slight reduction at E15.5 and more pronounced reduction at E17.5 of extracellular matrix deposition in the epiphysis
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• delayed development of vertebral columns
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• impaired chondrocyte differentiation into mature hypertrophic chondrocytes
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• initiation of endochondral ossification of the spine was delayed for 1-2 days
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