behavior/neurological
• capacity of acute cocaine to elicit locomotor hyperactivity is enhanced in mutants compared to controls
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• mutants acquire operant self-administration of cocaine more readily than controls
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• mutants exhibit cocaine-induced place conditioning compared to wild-type controls
• mice exhibit cocaine-induced place conditioning (increased time spent in environment containing stimulus/reward) at doses that do not elicit place conditioning in controls
• mutants acquire operant self-administration of cocaine more readily than controls
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• mice prefer to spend more time in chamber where cocaine is available compared to controls
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nervous system
• mutants show lower (~50%) extracellular glutamate levels in the nucleus accumbens compared to wild-type mice; injection of cocaine into the nucleus accumbens causes elevation of extracellular glutamate levels in mutants but not wild-type controls
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