reproductive system
• over time, even cAMP analog-rescued mutant sperm fold back 180 degrees until the head and midpiece form a hairpin configuration with the rest of the sperm flagellum
|
• even after motility is restored with a cAMP analogue, ~100% of mutant sperm show flagellar angularity
• the flagellum begins to bend at the annulus (the midpiece-principal piece junction) within 10 min of isolation
|
• sperm fail to become hyperactive even after motility is restored with cAMP
|
• mutant sperm appear able to achieve no forward movement and produce only a trembling movement of the midpiece
(J:88649)
• motility could be restored in vitro by loading sperm with a cAMP analogue
(J:88649)
(J:100583)
|
• even cAMP analog-rescued mutant sperm are unable to fertilize eggs in vitro
|
(J:88649)
(J:100583)
|
• in an in vitro fertilization assay mutant sperm can induce cumulus release but do not produce any two-cell stage embryos
(J:88649)
• restoration of sperm motility has little effect on fertility
(J:100583)
|
cellular
• over time, even cAMP analog-rescued mutant sperm fold back 180 degrees until the head and midpiece form a hairpin configuration with the rest of the sperm flagellum
|
• even after motility is restored with a cAMP analogue, ~100% of mutant sperm show flagellar angularity
• the flagellum begins to bend at the annulus (the midpiece-principal piece junction) within 10 min of isolation
|
• sperm fail to become hyperactive even after motility is restored with cAMP
|
• mutant sperm appear able to achieve no forward movement and produce only a trembling movement of the midpiece
(J:88649)
• motility could be restored in vitro by loading sperm with a cAMP analogue
(J:88649)
(J:100583)
|