Analysis Tools
mortality/aging
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• homozygous null males have an average life span of 14.5 months compared to 25 months in wildtype, while females live longer although life span has not been determined
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growth/size/body
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• homozygous null mice are smaller as early as 2 weeks of age, and growth curves show that body weights increase in parallel over time but never catch up to that of heterozygotes or wildtype
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adipose tissue
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• 10-12 month old homozygous null males have an average of 7% body fat compared to 34% in wildtype
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homeostasis/metabolism
hyperglycemia
(
J:98194
)
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• higher serum glucose levels, however homozygous null mice are not insulin resistant
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• at 4 months of age, began to increase water intake with subsequent increase in urination and evidence of glucosuria, however no evidence of urine ketones
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renal/urinary system
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• at 4 months of age, began to increase water intake with subsequent increase in urination and evidence of glucosuria, however no evidence of urine ketones
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endocrine/exocrine glands
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• cytoplasmic atrophy and collapse within the pancreatic islets and multifocal areas of cytoplasmic clefts and apoptotic bodies were seen in islets of 6-month old homozygous null males, however no differences in acini or other parenchyma
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• the mass of insulin-producing cells was significantly decreased in islets
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• insulin-producing beta cells, but not glucagons producing cells, were greatly depleted in pancreatic islets that was associated with increased apoptosis in islets
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behavior/neurological
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• increased consumption of food (4.4 grams of food per gram of body weight compared to 2.8 and 3 grams of food per gram body weight in wildtype and heterozygotes, respectively)
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