skeleton
• the number and surface of osteoclasts is reduced by 43% and 52%, respectively
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• long bones appear less radiopaque and bone mineral density is decreased
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• osteoblast number and surface are decreased by 55% and 60%, respectively and osteoid volume is decreased by 75%
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• the percentage of apoptotic osteoblasts/osteocytes is increased more than 8-fold compared to controls
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• the bone marrow space is increased with only scattered thin spicules of trabecular bone
trabecular number and thickness are decreased and trabecular separation is increased in the distal femur and proximal tibia
• however, there is no increase in bone marrow adiposity unlike Pthlh null homozygotes
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• the mineral apposition rate is decreased by 45% and 60% in the tibial cortex and trabeculae, respectively
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hematopoietic system
• the number and surface of osteoclasts is reduced by 43% and 52%, respectively
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immune system
• the number and surface of osteoclasts is reduced by 43% and 52%, respectively
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