mortality/aging
• at E10.5, homozygous embryos are moribund, although their hearts still beat weakly; they die around this time
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nervous system
• neuroepithelial cells in mutant embryos differentiate prematurely, en masse, by E9.5, when they show no evidence of lateral inhibition and differentiation within the tissue is no longer polarized towards the pial surface
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• at E10.5, the neuroepithelium of mutant embryos is necrotic
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• although the heads of homozygous embryos appear grossly normal at E9.5, histopathological examination reveals neuroepithelial defects, including hypocellularity and in many cases, failure of tissue integrity
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• at E8.5, homozygous embryos have a kinked neural tube
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embryo
• dissection of E9.5 homozygotes reveals vascularization defects of the yolk sac
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• the second branchial arch has failed to develop in homozygous embryos by E9.5
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• at E9.5, the body axis of mutant embryos is foreshortened
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• at E10.5, the neuroepithelium of mutant embryos is necrotic
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• although the heads of homozygous embryos appear grossly normal at E9.5, histopathological examination reveals neuroepithelial defects, including hypocellularity and in many cases, failure of tissue integrity
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• at E8.5, homozygous embryos have a kinked neural tube
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• if somites are present in E8.5 homozygotes, they are irregular with poorly defined edges
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• somites are few or absent in E8.5 mutant embryos
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• somites are few or absent inE8.5 mutant embryos
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• at E10.5, the allantois of mutant embryos has a rounded appearance, indicating failure to develop a plancental connection
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cardiovascular system
• dissection of E9.5 mutant embryos reveals vascularization defects of the embryo proper
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• dissection of E9.5 homozygotes reveals vascularization defects of the yolk sac
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• at E9.5, the hearts of homozygous embryos are poorly folded
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• E9.5 mutant embryos exhibit edema of the pericardium
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homeostasis/metabolism
• E9.5 mutant embryos exhibit edema of the pericardium
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cellular
• neuroepithelial cells in mutant embryos differentiate prematurely, en masse, by E9.5, when they show no evidence of lateral inhibition and differentiation within the tissue is no longer polarized towards the pial surface
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craniofacial
• the second branchial arch has failed to develop in homozygous embryos by E9.5
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