All Phenotypes Sox9<tm3(cre)Crm> MGI Mouse

Phenotypes associated with this allele

Jump to	Allelic Composition	Genetic Background	Genotype ID
cn1	Adam17^tm1.2Bbl/Adam17^tm1.2Bbl Sox9^tm3(cre)Crm/Sox9⁺	B6.129(SJL)-Sox9^tm3(cre)Crm Adam17^tm1.2Bbl	MGI:6241552
cn2	Adam17^tm1.2Bbl/Adam17^tm1.2Bbl Sox9^tm3(cre)Crm/Sox9⁺	involves: 129P2/OlaHsd * 129S7/SvEvBrd * C57BL/6	MGI:4355046
cn3	Adam17^tm1.2Bbl/Adam17^tm1.2Bbl Il23a^tm1Dnax/Il23a^tm1Dnax Sox9^tm3(cre)Crm/Sox9⁺	involves: 129P2/OlaHsd * 129S7/SvEvBrd * C57BL/6 * SJL	MGI:6241556
cn4	Adam17^tm1.2Bbl/Adam17^tm1.2Bbl Il17a^tm1Yiw/Il17a^tm1Yiw Sox9^tm3(cre)Crm/Sox9⁺	involves: 129P2/OlaHsd * 129S7/SvEvBrd * C57BL/6 * SJL	MGI:6241555
cn5	Gt(ROSA)26Sor^{tm1(rtTA,EGFP)Nagy}/Gt(ROSA)26Sor⁺ Sox9^tm3(cre)Crm/Sox9⁺ Tg(tetO-Vegfa)1Kesh/0	involves: 129S1/Sv * 129S7/SvEvBrd * 129X1/SvJ	MGI:3840959
cn6	Egfr^tm1Dwt/Egfr^tm1Dwt Sox9^tm3(cre)Crm/Sox9⁺	involves: 129S6/SvEvTac * 129S7/SvEvBrd	MGI:6241557
cn7	Gt(ROSA)26Sor^{tm1(CAG-Lmx1b,ALPP)Rjo}/Gt(ROSA)26Sor⁺ Sox9^tm3(cre)Crm/Sox9⁺	involves: 129S6/SvEvTac * 129S7/SvEvBrd * C57BL/6	MGI:4441200
cn8	Lmx1b^tm1Rjo/Lmx1b^tm1Zfc Sox9^tm3(cre)Crm/Sox9⁺	involves: 129S7/SvEvBrd	MGI:4441202
cn9	Gt(ROSA)26Sor^tm6Dym/? Smo^tm2Amc/Smo^tm2Amc Sox9^tm3(cre)Crm/Sox9⁺	involves: 129S7/SvEvBrd * 129X1/SvJ	MGI:4366499
cn10	Sox9^tm3(cre)Crm/Sox9⁺ Sp7^tm1Crm/Sp7^tm2Crm	involves: 129S7/SvEvBrd * C57BL/6 * SJL	MGI:3610909
cn11	Gnai2^tm2.1Lbi/Gnai2^tm2.1Lbi Gnai3^tm1Lbi/Gnai3^tm1Lbi Sox9^tm3(cre)Crm/Sox9⁺	involves: 129S/SvEv * 129S7/SvEvBrd * C57BL/6	MGI:5471658
cn12	Gnai2^tm2.1Lbi/Gnai2⁺ Gnai3^tm1Lbi/Gnai3^tm1Lbi Sox9^tm3(cre)Crm/Sox9⁺	involves: 129S/SvEv * 129S7/SvEvBrd * C57BL/6	MGI:5471659

♀	phenotype observed in females
♂	phenotype observed in males
N	normal phenotype

integument

impaired skin barrier function ( J:229771 )

• increase in transepidermal water loss indicating barrier dysfunction

dermatitis ( J:229771 )

• dry skin progresses to eczematous lesion (eczematous dermatitis)

• skin lesions show mononuclear cell infiltrates including lymphocytes and mast cells

• epidermal T cell composition is altered, with dendritic epidermal T cells, a resident Vgamma5+ gammadelta T cell subset in epidermis, replaced by massive infiltration of Vgamma5^neg gammadelta TCR^mid T cells and CD4+ T cells

• about 20% of Vgamma5^neg gammadelta TCR^mid T cells express Vgamma4, but the majority do not

• analysis of infiltrating T cells shows that epidermal CD4 T cells consist of Th17 and Th22 cells, and the majority of Vgamma5^neg gammadelta TCR^mid T cells produce interleukin-17 (gammadeltaT17) and a fraction of which also produce interleukin-22

• mice treated with the antibiotics cefazolin and enrofloxacin after weaning are almost completely protected from developing eczematous lesions, however skin inflammation develops upon antibiotic withdrawal

• mice treated with antibiotics at 10 weeks after birth show improvement in eczematous dermatitis and inflammation

abnormal skin morphology ( J:229771 )

• mice exhibit altered skin microbiota, with a striking overgrowth of S. aureus which is seen within stratum corneum and follicular openings

• skin microbiota undergoes a sequential change where dysbiosis starts with the emergence of Corynebacterium mastitidis and then S. aureus and Corynebacterium bovis predominating later

• antibiotic-treated mice exhibit a higher bacterial diversity, with a reduction in S. aureus and C. bovis, however, withdrawal of antibiotics leads to skin microbiome dysbiosis

• mice treated with antibiotics at 10 weeks after birth show reversal of skin microbiome dysbiosis

abnormal epidermal layer morphology ( J:229771 )

• antibiotic treatment normalizes epidermal gammadelta T cell constituents

• antibiotic treatment does not affect CD4+ T cell numbers in the epidermis and they remain high, however these T cells produce less IL-4 and do not produce IL-17A or IL-22

dry skin ( J:229771 )

• mice exhibit dry skin around 3 weeks after birth

increased pruritus ( J:229771 )

• mice develop intense pruritus

immune system

increased T-helper 1 cell number ( J:229771 )

• cytokine expression analysis in skin draining lymph nodes indicates an increase in numbers of Th1 cells

increased T-helper 17 cell number ( J:229771 )

• cytokine expression analysis in skin draining lymph nodes indicates a prominent increase in Th17 cells

• antibiotic treated mice show a reduction in the numbers of Th17 cells in skin draining lymph nodes

increased T-helper 2 cell number ( J:229771 )

• cytokine expression analysis in skin draining lymph nodes indicates an increase in numbers of Th2 cells

• antibiotic treated mice show a reduction in the numbers of Th2 cells in skin draining lymph nodes

increased IgE level ( J:229771 )

• serum IgE levels are elevated

• mice treated with the antibiotics cefazolin and enrofloxacin after weaning have lower serum IgE concentrations

abnormal circulating chemokine level ( J:229771 )

• CCL17, a T helper 2 cell chemokine, levels are elevated

dermatitis ( J:229771 )

• dry skin progresses to eczematous lesion (eczematous dermatitis)

• skin lesions show mononuclear cell infiltrates including lymphocytes and mast cells

• about 20% of Vgamma5^neg gammadelta TCR^mid T cells express Vgamma4, but the majority do not

• mice treated with antibiotics at 10 weeks after birth show improvement in eczematous dermatitis and inflammation

hematopoietic system

increased T-helper 1 cell number ( J:229771 )

• cytokine expression analysis in skin draining lymph nodes indicates an increase in numbers of Th1 cells

increased T-helper 17 cell number ( J:229771 )

• cytokine expression analysis in skin draining lymph nodes indicates a prominent increase in Th17 cells

• antibiotic treated mice show a reduction in the numbers of Th17 cells in skin draining lymph nodes

increased T-helper 2 cell number ( J:229771 )

• cytokine expression analysis in skin draining lymph nodes indicates an increase in numbers of Th2 cells

• antibiotic treated mice show a reduction in the numbers of Th2 cells in skin draining lymph nodes

increased IgE level ( J:229771 )

• serum IgE levels are elevated

• mice treated with the antibiotics cefazolin and enrofloxacin after weaning have lower serum IgE concentrations

homeostasis/metabolism

abnormal circulating chemokine level ( J:229771 )

• CCL17, a T helper 2 cell chemokine, levels are elevated

impaired skin barrier function ( J:229771 )

• increase in transepidermal water loss indicating barrier dysfunction

Mouse Models of Human Disease		DO ID	OMIM ID(s)	Ref(s)
atopic dermatitis		DOID:3310	OMIM:603165 OMIM:PS603165	J:229771

Allelic Composition	Adam17^tm1.2Bbl/Adam17^tm1.2Bbl Sox9^tm3(cre)Crm/Sox9⁺
Genetic Background	involves: 129P2/OlaHsd * 129S7/SvEvBrd * C57BL/6

Find Mice

Using the International Mouse Strain Resource (IMSR)
Mouse lines carrying:
Adam17^tm1.2Bbl mutation (1 available); any Adam17 mutation (64 available)
Sox9^tm3(cre)Crm mutation (1 available); any Sox9 mutation (33 available)

♀	phenotype observed in females
♂	phenotype observed in males
N	normal phenotype

mortality/aging

premature death ( J:144795 )

• some animals die by 5 months of age, but the majority survive past 5 months

growth/size/body

decreased body weight ( J:144795 )

• after 12 weeks of age, body weight of animals is decreased compared to controls

postnatal growth retardation ( J:144795 )

• mice show retarded growth

enlarged spleen ( J:144795 )

• spleen is proportionately larger by 8 weeks

hematopoietic system

extramedullary hematopoiesis ( J:144795 )

• hematopoiesis occurs in spleen (resulting is splenomegaly) and liver (which becomes more prominent with age)

increased bone marrow cell number ( J:144795 )

• marrow is hypercellular

decreased hematocrit ( J:144795 )

• at 8 weeks

increased hemoglobin content ( J:144795 )

• at 8 weeks

thrombocytosis ( J:144795 )

• at 8 weeks

decreased lymphocyte cell number ( J:144795 )

• white blood cell number is decreased compared to controls at 8 weeks

decreased B cell number ( J:144795 )

• relative decrease compared to controls is observed at 8 weeks

decreased T cell number ( J:144795 )

• relative decrease compared to controls is observed at 8 weeks

increased leukocyte cell number ( J:144795 )

• at 8 weeks

increased neutrophil cell number ( J:144795 )

• increased compared to controls

increased macrophage cell number ( J:144795 )

• increased compared to controls

abnormal spleen morphology ( J:144795 )

• lymphoid follicle development is retarded in 3 week-old mice; at 8 weeks, lymphoid follicles have developed to comparable extent as controls

enlarged spleen ( J:144795 )

• spleen is proportionately larger by 8 weeks

increased spleen red pulp amount ( J:144795 )

• by 8 weeks, expansion of spleen red pulp amount leads to splenomegaly

immune system

decreased lymphocyte cell number ( J:144795 )

• white blood cell number is decreased compared to controls at 8 weeks

decreased B cell number ( J:144795 )

• relative decrease compared to controls is observed at 8 weeks

decreased T cell number ( J:144795 )

• relative decrease compared to controls is observed at 8 weeks

increased leukocyte cell number ( J:144795 )

• at 8 weeks

increased neutrophil cell number ( J:144795 )

• increased compared to controls

increased macrophage cell number ( J:144795 )

• increased compared to controls

abnormal spleen morphology ( J:144795 )

• lymphoid follicle development is retarded in 3 week-old mice; at 8 weeks, lymphoid follicles have developed to comparable extent as controls

enlarged spleen ( J:144795 )

• spleen is proportionately larger by 8 weeks

increased spleen red pulp amount ( J:144795 )

• by 8 weeks, expansion of spleen red pulp amount leads to splenomegaly

increased circulating interleukin-17 level ( J:144795 )

• serum Il17 is significantly elevated

increased interleukin-17 secretion ( J:144795 )

• levels of Il17 are highly elevated compared to controls due to increase in Il17 producing cells

homeostasis/metabolism

increased circulating interleukin-17 level ( J:144795 )

• serum Il17 is significantly elevated

reproductive system

female infertility ( J:144795 )

• females are sterile

reduced male fertility ( J:144795 )

• male fertility is severely impaired

limbs/digits/tail

short femur ( J:144795 )

• femur length is 10-15% shorter than controls

skeleton

abnormal long bone epiphyseal plate proliferative zone ( J:144795 )

• zone is shorter than in controls

abnormal long bone hypertrophic chondrocyte zone ( J:144795 )

• zone is elongated; elongation is prominent at 2-3 weeks of age, and is less evident in older animals

decreased length of long bones ( J:144795 )

• bones are shorter than in controls

short femur ( J:144795 )

• femur length is 10-15% shorter than controls

abnormal bone marrow cavity morphology ( J:144795 )

• metatarsi remained filled with bone marrow cells at least up to 4 months postnatal, whereas bone marrow in control bones is replaced by adipose tissue beginning around 3 weeks of age, and is completely filled with fat cells by 8 weeks after birth

decreased compact bone thickness ( J:144795 )

• beginning at 8 weeks, animals have less cortical bone

decreased trabecular bone thickness ( J:144795 )

• beginning at 8 weeks, animals have less trabecular bone

decreased bone mass ( J:144795 )

• bone mass of femur is decreased compared to controls

osteoporosis ( J:144795 )

• animals show high-turnover type osteoporosis (characterized by increased osteoclast and osteoblast activities by about 8 weeks of age)

abnormal bone remodeling ( J:144795 )

• osteoclast-related (eroded surfaces, osteoclast numbers, and osteoclast surfaces) and osteoblast-related (osteoid volume, osteoid surfaces, and osteoblast surfaces) parameters are increased compared to controls

vision/eye

early eyelid opening ( J:144795 )

• mice are born with their eyes open

integument

abnormal hair growth ( J:144795 )

• mice have hair defects

abnormal skin condition ( J:144795 )

• mice show skin defects

Allelic Composition	Adam17^tm1.2Bbl/Adam17^tm1.2Bbl Il23a^tm1Dnax/Il23a^tm1Dnax Sox9^tm3(cre)Crm/Sox9⁺
Genetic Background	involves: 129P2/OlaHsd * 129S7/SvEvBrd * C57BL/6 * SJL

Find Mice

Using the International Mouse Strain Resource (IMSR)
Mouse lines carrying:
Adam17^tm1.2Bbl mutation (1 available); any Adam17 mutation (64 available)
Il23a^tm1Dnax mutation (0 available); any Il23a mutation (27 available)
Sox9^tm3(cre)Crm mutation (1 available); any Sox9 mutation (33 available)

♀	phenotype observed in females
♂	phenotype observed in males
N	normal phenotype

immune system

dermatitis ( J:229771 )

• mice develop eczematous dermatitis

integument

dermatitis ( J:229771 )

• mice develop eczematous dermatitis

Allelic Composition	Adam17^tm1.2Bbl/Adam17^tm1.2Bbl Il17a^tm1Yiw/Il17a^tm1Yiw Sox9^tm3(cre)Crm/Sox9⁺
Genetic Background	involves: 129P2/OlaHsd * 129S7/SvEvBrd * C57BL/6 * SJL

Find Mice

Using the International Mouse Strain Resource (IMSR)
Mouse lines carrying:
Adam17^tm1.2Bbl mutation (1 available); any Adam17 mutation (64 available)
Il17a^tm1Yiw mutation (0 available); any Il17a mutation (25 available)
Sox9^tm3(cre)Crm mutation (1 available); any Sox9 mutation (33 available)

♀	phenotype observed in females
♂	phenotype observed in males
N	normal phenotype

immune system

dermatitis ( J:229771 )

• mice develop eczematous dermatitis

integument

dermatitis ( J:229771 )

• mice develop eczematous dermatitis

Allelic Composition	Gt(ROSA)26Sor^{tm1(rtTA,EGFP)Nagy}/Gt(ROSA)26Sor⁺ Sox9^tm3(cre)Crm/Sox9⁺ Tg(tetO-Vegfa)1Kesh/0
Genetic Background	involves: 129S1/Sv * 129S7/SvEvBrd * 129X1/SvJ

Find Mice

Using the International Mouse Strain Resource (IMSR)
Mouse lines carrying:
Gt(ROSA)26Sor^{tm1(rtTA,EGFP)Nagy} mutation (5 available); any Gt(ROSA)26Sor mutation (993 available)
Sox9^tm3(cre)Crm mutation (1 available); any Sox9 mutation (33 available)
Tg(tetO-Vegfa)1Kesh mutation (0 available)

♀	phenotype observed in females
♂	phenotype observed in males
N	normal phenotype

cardiovascular system

abnormal blood vessel morphology ( J:147285 )

• the vascular network of the limbs is denser and more complex

• metacarpal centers are enriched for thicker vessels originating from the axial artery

• metacarpal centers are wider and split into a denser and more complex network of small capillaries in the interdigital areas

• however, formation of avascular areas is not affected

increased vascular endothelial cell number ( J:147285 )

Allelic Composition	Egfr^tm1Dwt/Egfr^tm1Dwt Sox9^tm3(cre)Crm/Sox9⁺
Genetic Background	involves: 129S6/SvEvTac * 129S7/SvEvBrd

Find Mice

Using the International Mouse Strain Resource (IMSR)
Mouse lines carrying:
Egfr^tm1Dwt mutation (1 available); any Egfr mutation (87 available)
Sox9^tm3(cre)Crm mutation (1 available); any Sox9 mutation (33 available)

♀	phenotype observed in females
♂	phenotype observed in males
N	normal phenotype

integument

impaired skin barrier function ( J:229771 )

• increase in transepidermal water loss indicating barrier dysfunction

dermatitis ( J:229771 )

• mice exhibit eczematous inflammation

• mice exhibit mixed Th1, Th2, and Th17 cell accumulations in lymph nodes and Th17, Th22, and Tgammadelta17 inflammation in skin

abnormal skin morphology ( J:229771 )

• mice exhibit skin microbiome dysbiosis, showing increased Corynebacterium spp and S. aureus colonization

abnormal epidermal layer morphology ( J:229771 )

• increase in IL-22 producing epidermal T cells

immune system

increased T-helper 1 cell number ( J:229771 )

• mice exhibit mixed Th1, Th2, and Th17 cell accumulations in lymph nodes

increased T-helper 17 cell number ( J:229771 )

• mice exhibit mixed Th1, Th2, and Th17 cell accumulations in lymph nodes

increased T-helper 2 cell number ( J:229771 )

• mice exhibit mixed Th1, Th2, and Th17 cell accumulations in lymph nodes

increased IgE level ( J:229771 )

• elevation in serum IgE concentrations

dermatitis ( J:229771 )

• mice exhibit eczematous inflammation

• mice exhibit mixed Th1, Th2, and Th17 cell accumulations in lymph nodes and Th17, Th22, and Tgammadelta17 inflammation in skin

hematopoietic system

increased T-helper 1 cell number ( J:229771 )

• mice exhibit mixed Th1, Th2, and Th17 cell accumulations in lymph nodes

increased T-helper 17 cell number ( J:229771 )

• mice exhibit mixed Th1, Th2, and Th17 cell accumulations in lymph nodes

increased T-helper 2 cell number ( J:229771 )

• mice exhibit mixed Th1, Th2, and Th17 cell accumulations in lymph nodes

increased IgE level ( J:229771 )

• elevation in serum IgE concentrations

homeostasis/metabolism

impaired skin barrier function ( J:229771 )

• increase in transepidermal water loss indicating barrier dysfunction

Allelic Composition	Gt(ROSA)26Sor^{tm1(CAG-Lmx1b,ALPP)Rjo}/Gt(ROSA)26Sor⁺ Sox9^tm3(cre)Crm/Sox9⁺
Genetic Background	involves: 129S6/SvEvTac * 129S7/SvEvBrd * C57BL/6

Find Mice

Using the International Mouse Strain Resource (IMSR)
Mouse lines carrying:
Gt(ROSA)26Sor^{tm1(CAG-Lmx1b,ALPP)Rjo} mutation (0 available); any Gt(ROSA)26Sor mutation (993 available)
Sox9^tm3(cre)Crm mutation (1 available); any Sox9 mutation (33 available)

♀	phenotype observed in females
♂	phenotype observed in males
N	normal phenotype

skeleton

abnormal skeleton morphology ( J:158676 )

• tendon elements exhibit a partial ventral to dorsal conversion with ventral cartilaginous protrusions unlike in wild-type mice

abnormal ankle joint morphology ( J:158676 )

• the ventral flexure at the ankle is absent

abnormal tendon morphology ( J:158676 )

• tendon elements exhibit a partial ventral to dorsal conversion with partial conversion of ventral tendon to a dorsal morphology unlike in wild-type mice

• the lateral flexor digitorium profundus tendon is absent unlike in wild-type mice

• the flexor digitorium sublimus is flattened unlike in wild-type mice

muscle

decreased skeletal muscle mass ( J:158676 )

• mice exhibit loss of muscle tissue in the ventral limb unlike wild-type mice

abnormal tendon morphology ( J:158676 )

• tendon elements exhibit a partial ventral to dorsal conversion with partial conversion of ventral tendon to a dorsal morphology unlike in wild-type mice

• the lateral flexor digitorium profundus tendon is absent unlike in wild-type mice

• the flexor digitorium sublimus is flattened unlike in wild-type mice

limbs/digits/tail

abnormal foot pad morphology ( J:158676 )

• mice exhibit hair on the ventral skin of the paw unlike in wild-type mice

abnormal ankle joint morphology ( J:158676 )

• the ventral flexure at the ankle is absent

Allelic Composition	Lmx1b^tm1Rjo/Lmx1b^tm1Zfc Sox9^tm3(cre)Crm/Sox9⁺
Genetic Background	involves: 129S7/SvEvBrd

Find Mice

Using the International Mouse Strain Resource (IMSR)
Mouse lines carrying:
Lmx1b^tm1Rjo mutation (0 available); any Lmx1b mutation (16 available)
Lmx1b^tm1Zfc mutation (0 available); any Lmx1b mutation (16 available)
Sox9^tm3(cre)Crm mutation (1 available); any Sox9 mutation (33 available)

♀	phenotype observed in females
♂	phenotype observed in males
N	normal phenotype

skeleton

skeleton phenotype ( J:158676 )

N	• mice exhibit normal dorsal tendons of the metacarpophalangeal joint

abnormal metacarpal bone morphology ( J:158676 )

• mice exhibit partial duplication of sesamoid bones at the metacarpophalangeal joint compared with wild-type mice

• mice exhibit abnormal tips of the metacarpals

limbs/digits/tail

abnormal metacarpal bone morphology ( J:158676 )

• mice exhibit partial duplication of sesamoid bones at the metacarpophalangeal joint compared with wild-type mice

• mice exhibit abnormal tips of the metacarpals

Allelic Composition	Gt(ROSA)26Sor^tm6Dym/? Smo^tm2Amc/Smo^tm2Amc Sox9^tm3(cre)Crm/Sox9⁺
Genetic Background	involves: 129S7/SvEvBrd * 129X1/SvJ

Find Mice

Using the International Mouse Strain Resource (IMSR)
Mouse lines carrying:
Gt(ROSA)26Sor^tm6Dym mutation (0 available); any Gt(ROSA)26Sor mutation (993 available)
Smo^tm2Amc mutation (1 available); any Smo mutation (39 available)
Sox9^tm3(cre)Crm mutation (1 available); any Sox9 mutation (33 available)

♀	phenotype observed in females
♂	phenotype observed in males
N	normal phenotype

skeleton

small mandibular condyloid process ( J:153743 )

• at E17.5, the temporomandibular condyle is much smaller in size with loss of growth plate organization unlike in wild-type mice

abnormal temporomandibular joint morphology ( J:153743 )

• the temporomandibular joint forms in close proximity to the condyle resulting in an absence of the lower joint cavity unlike in wild-type mice

craniofacial

small mandibular condyloid process ( J:153743 )

• at E17.5, the temporomandibular condyle is much smaller in size with loss of growth plate organization unlike in wild-type mice

abnormal temporomandibular joint morphology ( J:153743 )

• the temporomandibular joint forms in close proximity to the condyle resulting in an absence of the lower joint cavity unlike in wild-type mice

Allelic Composition	Sox9^tm3(cre)Crm/Sox9⁺ Sp7^tm1Crm/Sp7^tm2Crm
Genetic Background	involves: 129S7/SvEvBrd * C57BL/6 * SJL

Find Mice

Using the International Mouse Strain Resource (IMSR)
Mouse lines carrying:
Sox9^tm3(cre)Crm mutation (1 available); any Sox9 mutation (33 available)
Sp7^tm1Crm mutation (0 available); any Sp7 mutation (21 available)
Sp7^tm2Crm mutation (1 available); any Sp7 mutation (21 available)

♀	phenotype observed in females
♂	phenotype observed in males
N	normal phenotype

mortality/aging

neonatal lethality, complete penetrance ( J:102495 )

• die in the immediate postnatal period due to the absence of bones

skeleton

abnormal limb bone morphology ( J:102495 )

• limb skeletons are hypoplastic, bent, and often deformed

abnormal axial skeleton morphology ( J:102495 )

abnormal rib morphology ( J:102495 )

• ribs are bent and deformed

abnormal vertebrae morphology ( J:102495 )

• vertebrae are bent and deformed

abnormal trabecular bone morphology ( J:102495 )

• endochondral skeletal elements such as the humerus have no bone trabeculae or bone collars

abnormal skeleton development ( J:102495 )

abnormal osteoblast differentiation ( J:102495 )

• osteoblast differentiation is arrested

abnormal bone ossification ( J:102495 )

• exhibit a decrease in endochondral and intramembranous ossification

• skeletal elements formed by endochondral bone formation, including the ribs, limb skeletons, and vertebrae are hypoplastic, bent, and often deformed

abnormal bone mineralization ( J:102495 )

• virtually no mineralization in any facial and skull bones generated by intramembranous bone formation, although very small parts of the maxilla, mandible, and parietal bones were calcified

limbs/digits/tail

abnormal limb bone morphology ( J:102495 )

• limb skeletons are hypoplastic, bent, and often deformed

cellular

abnormal osteoblast differentiation ( J:102495 )

• osteoblast differentiation is arrested

Allelic Composition	Gnai2^tm2.1Lbi/Gnai2^tm2.1Lbi Gnai3^tm1Lbi/Gnai3^tm1Lbi Sox9^tm3(cre)Crm/Sox9⁺
Genetic Background	involves: 129S/SvEv * 129S7/SvEvBrd * C57BL/6

Find Mice

Using the International Mouse Strain Resource (IMSR)
Mouse lines carrying:
Gnai2^tm2.1Lbi mutation (0 available); any Gnai2 mutation (56 available)
Gnai3^tm1Lbi mutation (1 available); any Gnai3 mutation (28 available)
Sox9^tm3(cre)Crm mutation (1 available); any Sox9 mutation (33 available)

♀	phenotype observed in females
♂	phenotype observed in males
N	normal phenotype

Rib fusion phenotype is enhanced in Gnai3^tm1Lbi/Gnai3^tm1Lbi mice by loss of Gnai2 in cartilage

skeleton

rib fusion ( J:193170 )

• rib fusions are more severe compared to mice homozygous for Gnai3^tm1Lbi alone

lumbar vertebral fusion ( J:193170 )

• not noticeably more severe than in mice homozygous for Gnai3^tm1Lbi alone

Allelic Composition	Gnai2^tm2.1Lbi/Gnai2⁺ Gnai3^tm1Lbi/Gnai3^tm1Lbi Sox9^tm3(cre)Crm/Sox9⁺
Genetic Background	involves: 129S/SvEv * 129S7/SvEvBrd * C57BL/6

Find Mice

♀	phenotype observed in females
♂	phenotype observed in males
N	normal phenotype

skeleton

rib fusion ( J:193170 )

• rib fusions are more severe compared to mice homozygous for Gnai3^tm1Lbi alone

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