cellular
• increase in the occurrence of chromosomes with fusions in the centromere region
|
aneuploidy
(
J:108366
)
• increase in MEFs with greater than 4N DNA content
|
• an increase in MEFs in G2/M phase and decrease of cells in G0/G1; however G1 is not shortened, transit through S and G2 is similar to wild-type, and the spindle check point appears normal
• the number of lagging chromosomes seen during anaphase is increased and metaphase spreads contain more chromosomes with fusions in the centromere region
|
endocrine/exocrine glands
• some nursing mothers are unable to eject adequate supplies of milk
• most pups die by two days of age due to insufficient nutrition
• mammary glands have large, dilated ducts containing milk consisted with a defect in milk ejection
• mice have similar lobuloalveolar formation and milk composition as controls
|
• female mice have a significantly elevated frequency of hyperplastic ducts about 5-fold greater than controls
• branching frequency and overall ductal morphogenesis appeared normal
|
• mammary glands have hyperplastic growth throughout development
• hyperplasia was characterized by increased luminal epithelial cell layers, as well as invagination of the epithelium into the lumen of the duct
|
homeostasis/metabolism
• embryonic fibroblasts fail to decrease proliferation in response to TGF-beta1
|
integument
• some nursing mothers are unable to eject adequate supplies of milk
• most pups die by two days of age due to insufficient nutrition
• mammary glands have large, dilated ducts containing milk consisted with a defect in milk ejection
• mice have similar lobuloalveolar formation and milk composition as controls
|
• female mice have a significantly elevated frequency of hyperplastic ducts about 5-fold greater than controls
• branching frequency and overall ductal morphogenesis appeared normal
|
• mammary glands have hyperplastic growth throughout development
• hyperplasia was characterized by increased luminal epithelial cell layers, as well as invagination of the epithelium into the lumen of the duct
|
behavior/neurological
• some nursing mothers are unable to eject adequate supplies of milk
• most pups die by two days of age due to insufficient nutrition
• mammary glands have large, dilated ducts containing milk consisted with a defect in milk ejection
• mice have similar lobuloalveolar formation and milk composition as controls
|