Analysis Tools
mortality/aging
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• over 90% of mice die within 30 hours of injection with tunicamycin (an endoplasmic reticulum stressor) compared to under 10% for controls
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pigmentation
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• in adults, the coat is of a homogeneous color and made of hair with a white base and a grey/brown tip
(J:123123)
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• the mutant mice show progressive hypopigmentation of the fur (grey), with intra- and inter-hair variegation
(J:94077)
• homozygous mice exhibit a modest hypopigmentation 8 days post-partum that progresses to premature grayness
(J:123123)
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reproductive system
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• homozygous mutant females are sterile when bred with homozygous males, and crosses with heterozygous males only give birth to heterozygous pups
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homeostasis/metabolism
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• homozygous mice have elevated levels of LDL
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• in homozygotes, the blood cholesterol level is decreased by 75 percent as compared to wild-type values
(J:94077)
• homozygous mice have significantly reduced levels of serum cholesterol
(J:123123)
• mice have normal levels of triglycerides
(J:123123)
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• homozygous mice have significantly reduced levels of HDL
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• over 90% of mice die within 30 hours of injection with tunicamycin (an endoplasmic reticulum stressor) compared to under 10% for controls
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immune system
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• mice have an exaggerated colitic response to 2% dextran sulfide sodium (DSS) treatment of drinking water
• starting with 4 days of DSS treatment, mice lose significantly more weight than controls
• by 7 days of DSS treatment, mice have lost almost 20% of their initial weight compared to 10% for controls
• after 9 days of DSS treatment, colons are thickened and shortened with bleeding visible
• histological analysis reveals dramatic leukocyte recruitment and crypt loss after 7 days of DSS treatment
• colon explants from DSS treated mice produce more IL-1beta
• bone marrow chimera experiments indicate non-hematopoietic cells expressing the mutant allele increases susceptibility to induced colitis
• tunicamycin injection causes a colitis-like disease in mutant mice but not in control mice
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• in homozygotes, the killing function of cytotoxic T cells (CTL) is impaired
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• colon explants from dextran sulfide sodium (DSS) treated mice produce more IL-1beta
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• colon explants produce more IL-6 than controls
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• homozygotes are resistant to Listeria infections
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• mice are sensitive to mouse cytomegalovirus (MCMV) infections
(J:94077)
• homozygotes are susceptible to MCMV infections
(J:123123)
• mice present reduced levels of gamma interferon but elevated levels of interleukine 6, 12 and type 1 interferon 36 hours post infection
(J:123123)
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cellular
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• expression of ATF6-dependent unfolded protein response genes is reduced in homozygous mutants upon activation of the endoplasmic reticulum stress
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digestive/alimentary system
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• mice have an exaggerated colitic response to 2% dextran sulfide sodium (DSS) treatment of drinking water
• starting with 4 days of DSS treatment, mice lose significantly more weight than controls
• by 7 days of DSS treatment, mice have lost almost 20% of their initial weight compared to 10% for controls
• after 9 days of DSS treatment, colons are thickened and shortened with bleeding visible
• histological analysis reveals dramatic leukocyte recruitment and crypt loss after 7 days of DSS treatment
• colon explants from DSS treated mice produce more IL-1beta
• bone marrow chimera experiments indicate non-hematopoietic cells expressing the mutant allele increases susceptibility to induced colitis
• tunicamycin injection causes a colitis-like disease in mutant mice but not in control mice
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integument
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• in adults, the coat is of a homogeneous color and made of hair with a white base and a grey/brown tip
(J:123123)
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hematopoietic system
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• in homozygotes, the killing function of cytotoxic T cells (CTL) is impaired
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