immune system
• eosinophilia is delayed compared to wild-type, but once induced, correlates with worm clearance
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• levels of IgE produced in response to infection are equivalent to wild-type or, after 20 days, keep increasing at 40 days while wild-type levels decrease after 20 days
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• IL-4 expression is 4-5 fold greater than wild-type at days 5, 10 and 20 after infection
• IL-10 expression is enhanced compared to wild-type
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• primary granuloma formation and volumes in lungs after infection are reduced ~4-fold compared to wild-type
• formation of secondary granuloma formation is reduced compared to wild-type upon reinfection with Schistosoma eggs
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• expulsion of worms from intestines is delayed (50% by day 35) compared to wild-type (100% by 10 days)
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• after N. brasiliensis (nematode) infection, expulsion of worms occurs with similar kinetic to Il4/Il13 double mutants
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digestive/alimentary system
• increase in goblet cell number is delayed and occurs after 20 days compared to wild-type which show increased numbers at 10 days
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hematopoietic system
• eosinophilia is delayed compared to wild-type, but once induced, correlates with worm clearance
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• levels of IgE produced in response to infection are equivalent to wild-type or, after 20 days, keep increasing at 40 days while wild-type levels decrease after 20 days
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homeostasis/metabolism
• IL-4 expression is 4-5 fold greater than wild-type at days 5, 10 and 20 after infection
• IL-10 expression is enhanced compared to wild-type
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cellular
• increase in goblet cell number is delayed and occurs after 20 days compared to wild-type which show increased numbers at 10 days
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