mortality/aging
• mice succumb to Schistosoma infection in ~54 days
|
growth/size/body
weight loss
(
J:114751
)
• progressive weight loss begins 6 weeks after S. mansoni infection; some animals lose 20% of original body weight
|
immune system
• mice show a similar Th1 response to Il4ra-null mice and a Th2 response similar to wild-type in response to Schistosoma infection
|
• livers show impaired alternative macrophage activation compared to wild-type
|
• granulomas are similar to wild-type, but slightly larger and less compact: intestinal granulomas show massive inflammatory cell infiltration
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• granulomas form
|
• mice develop protective immunity against Nippostrongylus brasiliensis, accompanied by Th2 development
|
• mice show 100% mortality during acute infection by Schistosoma mansoni; mean survival time is 54 days
|
liver/biliary system
• granulomas form
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• level of fibrosis is similar to wild-type
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digestive/alimentary system
• during infection by N. brasiliensis, mice develop goblet cell hyperplasis
|
hematopoietic system
• livers show impaired alternative macrophage activation compared to wild-type
|
cellular
• during infection by N. brasiliensis, mice develop goblet cell hyperplasis
|