homeostasis/metabolism
• decreased serum levels of APOB
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• the rate of production of VLDL is reduced; however, clearance of LDL is similar to wild-type
• LDL is more susceptible to oxidation, has higher monocyte chemotaxis-inducing activity, and induces higher levels of lipid hydroperoxides in macrophages
• HDL is more inflammatory and less able to protect against LDL-induced monocyte chemotactic activity
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• about 24% lower compared to wild-type mice after 15 weeks on a high fat, high cholesterol, cholate-containing diet
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• VLDL/LDL is about 32% lower compared to wild-type mice after 15 weeks on a high fat, high cholesterol, cholate-containing diet
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• VLDL/LDL is about 32% lower compared to wild-type mice after 15 weeks on a high fat, high cholesterol, cholate-containing diet
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• on a high fat, high cholesterol, cholate-containing diet serum PON1 activity is about 26% lower than in wild-type mice
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cardiovascular system
• despite lower VLDL/LDL levels, atheromatous lesions in the aorta are significantly larger, after 15 weeks on a high fat, high cholesterol, cholate-containing diet, compared to wild-type mice
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cellular
• significantly more macrophages are found in the aorta wall
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• signs of oxidative stress are increased in the liver and peritoneal macrophages
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immune system
• enhanced pro-inflammatory activity compared to wild-type cells
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• significantly more macrophages are found in the aorta wall
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• treatment with LPS induces an exacerbated inflammatory response with higher levels of inflammatory cytokines (TNFA and IL-1B)
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hematopoietic system
• enhanced pro-inflammatory activity compared to wild-type cells
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• significantly more macrophages are found in the aorta wall
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