mortality/aging
• after surgically-induced myocardial infarction (MI)), mutants show significant mortality (10/13) within 5 days of surgery compared to wild-type (4/27); 10/13 mice die as result of cardiac rupture compared to 0 wild-type
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cardiovascular system
• 77% of mutants die of cardiac rupture within 5 days of induced MI
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• mutant hearts contain degenerative myofibers between infarcted and noninfarcted myocardium
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• after 7 days of isoproterenol infusion, mutants show a 32% increase in cardiac mass compared to a 45% increase in wild-type
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• mice have increased left ventricular end-systolic and end-diastolic diameters compared to wild-type mice after MI surgery
• mutants show a greater increase in left ventricular end-systolic and end-diastolic diameters compared to wild-type after isoproterenol infusion
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• reduction in thickness of left ventricle posterior wall is observed after MI surgery
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• phenotype observed after MI surgery
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hemorrhage
(
J:120068
)
• intramural hemorrhage in the infarcted area is seen in mutants but not wild-type
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• end-systolic and end-diastolic diameters result in decrease in fractional shortening of muscle fibers in mutants compared to wild-type mice
• reduction in fractional shortening is observed in mutants after isoproterenol infusion compared to wild-type
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muscle
• mutant hearts contain degenerative myofibers between infarcted and noninfarcted myocardium
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• phenotype observed after MI surgery
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• end-systolic and end-diastolic diameters result in decrease in fractional shortening of muscle fibers in mutants compared to wild-type mice
• reduction in fractional shortening is observed in mutants after isoproterenol infusion compared to wild-type
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• after MI, mutants have 3-fold greater levels of apoptosis in the periinfarct zone compared to wild-type littermates
• after isoproterenol infusion, mutants show a 2-fold greater level of apoptosis relative to treated wild-type
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• there is a significant distance between Z-discs, but this did not result in significant abnormalities in fractional shortening
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behavior/neurological
• 2-3 days after surgically-induced MI, mutants appear lethargic, phenotypically similar to heart failure
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cellular
• after MI, mutants have 3-fold greater levels of apoptosis in the periinfarct zone compared to wild-type littermates
• after isoproterenol infusion, mutants show a 2-fold greater level of apoptosis relative to treated wild-type
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growth/size/body
• after 7 days of isoproterenol infusion, mutants show a 32% increase in cardiac mass compared to a 45% increase in wild-type
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