embryo
• partial bilateral absence of pleuropericardial membranes in the hilus region resulting in unseparated pleural and pericardial cavities
• pleuropericardial membrane development is disturbed in embryos such that at E11.5-E12.5, embryos fail to form the sinuatrial mesenchymal ridges, the pericardioperitoneal canals are broader and the sinus horns are abnormally positioned
• the pleuropericardial membranes are not connected to the sternum and to the hilus of the lungs at E14.5 and E18.5 and are only attached at one point at the lateral body wall
• the pericardioperitoneal canals do not close at E14.5 as in controls
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