nervous system
• at 12 months, mice exhibit neurodegeneration in neurons of the striatum, corpus callosum and cerebellum
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• at 12 months, mice exhibit neurodegeneration in neurons of the striatum, corpus callosum and cerebellum
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• at 12 months, mice exhibit neurodegeneration in axons of the dorsal striatum and cerebellum associated with vacuolization
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• at 12 months, mice exhibit neurodegeneration in axons of the dorsal striatum and cerebellum associated with vacuolization
• at 12 months, mice exhibit neurodegeneration in neurons of the striatum, corpus callosum and cerebellum
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• beginning at 12 months and continuing through 15 and 18 month, mice exhibit an increase in vacuoles in the dorsal striatum and medial corpus callosum
• vacuolization is increased with exposure to nicotine
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• at 12 months, mice exhibit neurodegeneration in neurons of the striatum, corpus callosum and cerebellum
• degeneration is worsened by nicotine treatment
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• at 12 months, mice exhibit neurodegeneration in axons of the dorsal striatum and cerebellum associated with vacuolization
• degeneration is worsened by nicotine treatment
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• cultured neurons exposed to glutamate are more sensitive to glutamate-mediated excitotoxicity and the neuroprotective ability of nicotine is completely abolished
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• paired-pulse ratios are reduced relative to wild-type mice responses at intervals of 50-70ms
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behavior/neurological
• mice exhibit increased freezing in response to a shock-associated tone
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• mice show improved performance on a rotarod compared to controls when treated with nicotine and saccharin
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homeostasis/metabolism
• mice exhibit a larger peak response in the medial habenula when exposed to 250ms nicotine pulse compared to wild-type mice
• half-maximal response is significantly prolonged
• calcium signaling following nicotine exposure is increased compared to in wild-type mice
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• cultured neurons exposed to glutamate are more sensitive to glutamate-mediated excitotoxicity and the neuroprotective ability of nicotine is completely abolished
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cellular
• cultured neurons exposed to glutamate are more sensitive to glutamate-mediated excitotoxicity and the neuroprotective ability of nicotine is completely abolished
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