immune system
• 48% of mice aged from 27 to 50 days exhibit insulitis compared to none of the wild-type mice
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• CD4+ T cells in the pancreatic lymph node is increased fourfold and twofold in diabetic mice
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• CD8+ T cells in the pancreatic lymph node is increased fourfold and twofold in diabetic mice
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• the percentage of CD8+ cells producing interferon-gamma, tumor necrotic factor or both was increased 2- to 3-fold compared to wild-type NOD mice
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• pancreatic lymph node cellularity is increased
• CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in the pancreatic lymph node is increased fourfold
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• onset of automimmune diabetes mellitus is accelerated, sex-specific disease progression is lost, and penetrance is complete
• all mice develop diabetes by week 40 whereas only one tenth of wild-type mice have diabetes at that time point
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homeostasis/metabolism
• onset of hyperglycemia occurs at 7.3 weeks when wild-type mice are euglycemic
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hematopoietic system
• CD4+ T cells in the pancreatic lymph node is increased fourfold and twofold in diabetic mice
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• CD8+ T cells in the pancreatic lymph node is increased fourfold and twofold in diabetic mice
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• the percentage of CD8+ cells producing interferon-gamma, tumor necrotic factor or both was increased 2- to 3-fold compared to wild-type NOD mice
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endocrine/exocrine glands
• 48% of mice aged from 27 to 50 days exhibit insulitis compared to none of the wild-type mice
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