mortality/aging
• 70% of mice die between 3 and 72 weeks due to heart failure
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cardiovascular system
• sarcomere length in the heart is reduced
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• after 3 weeks, deposits of elastic fibers and collagen in the endocardium are observed
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• at 10 weeks, the interventricular septal wall is thinned
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• mice have a higher heart weight-to-body weight ratio when compared to control mice
• both the left and right ventricle are enlarged
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• vessels in the left ventricle are abnormally dilated and are impaired in the recruitment of vascular smooth muscle cells
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• mice that die of heart failure exhibit dilation of heart ventricles
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• decrease in fractional shortening at 10 weeks of age
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• left ventricle relaxation is impaired
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• at 10 weeks, the left ventricle end-diastolic dimension is increased and accompanied by decreased fractional shortening
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• 70% of mice die between 3 and 72 weeks due to heart failure
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muscle
• decrease in fractional shortening at 10 weeks of age
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• left ventricle relaxation is impaired
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growth/size/body
• mice have a higher heart weight-to-body weight ratio when compared to control mice
• both the left and right ventricle are enlarged
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