Analysis Tools
mortality/aging
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• 50% of mice die between E14.5 and E15.5 with systemic edema and no heartbeat
• however, mice that survived gained weight at a normal pace, are fertile, and have normal life spans
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cardiovascular system
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• 80% of surviving mice have defects in vasculature including tortuosity, irregular diameters, and clustering of multiple vessels
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• from P2 to P11, retinal vascular coverage is delayed
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• vascular development in several organs including the embryonic coronary, the neonatal retinal and the embryonic cranial vasculature is delayed
• between E12.5 and E14.5, coronary vascular coverage is reduced 50%
• from P2 to P11, retinal vascular coverage is delayed
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• isolated endothelial cells display reduced sprout extension velocity and sprout length
• however, in vitro endothelial cell migration on fibronectin or Egfl7 coated surfaces is normal
• at P2 and partially at P8, angiogenic sprouts contain tip and stalk cells that are lined up in multiple cell layers producing enlarged sprouts with increased tip and stalk cell number
• angiogenic sprouts in aortic ring cultures are larger and shorter than in wild-type rings
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• at E14.5, 15.2% of mice exhibit no heartbeat and systemic edema
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homeostasis/metabolism
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• at E14.5, 39.3% of mice exhibit systemic edema and 15.2% of mice exhibit no heart beat and systemic edema
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• low-level sporadic hypoxia is observed in surviving adult mice in the retina, heart, pancreas, crypts of the intestinal villi, kidney medulla, and adipose tissue
• however, hypoxia is not detected in the lungs and the life span of hypoxic mice is normal
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vision/eye
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• from P2 to P11, retinal vascular coverage is delayed
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