homeostasis/metabolism
• the neutral lipid levels (triglycerides and cholesterol ester) are decreased in male and female mice relative to wild-type mice
• when fed a phytol-rich diet, the neutral lipid levels are decreased in female mice
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• serum cholesterol levels in male mice is increased (18+/-2 compared to 11+/-1 in wild-type males)
• however, serum cholesterol levels plus total cholesterol is similar to in wild-type mice
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• fasting serum triglyceride levels are decreased in male mice (3+/-1 compared to 8+/-1 in wild-type mice)
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• free fatty acid levels in the liver are increased in female mice (163+/-14 compared to 216+/-17 in wild-type mice)
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• liver triglyceride levels are decreased in female mice (154+/-25 compared to 265+/-24 in wild-type mice)
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growth/size/body
• when fed a phytol-rich diet, lean tissue mass is reduced by 1.4-fold in males and 1.2-fold in females compared to in wild-type mice (1.3-flod in females)
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• when fed a phytol-rich diet, both male and female mice exhibit a 24% to 26% weight loss despite consuming the same amount of food as wild-type, in which only females are sensitive to phytol-rich diets
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• when fed a phytol-rich diet, males and females exhibit an enlarged liver compared to only female wild-type mice
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liver/biliary system
• when fed a phytol-rich diet, males and females exhibit necrosis, fatty vacuolation and inflammation in the liver compared to only female wild-type mice
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• when fed a phytol-rich diet, the amount of fat droplets in the livers of males is decreased compared to wild-type male mice
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• when fed a phytol-rich diet, males and females exhibit an enlarged liver compared to only female wild-type mice
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• liver triglyceride levels are decreased in female mice (154+/-25 compared to 265+/-24 in wild-type mice)
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• when fed a phytol-rich diet, males and females exhibit loss of hepatocytes compared to only female wild-type mice
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adipose tissue
• when fed a phytol-rich diet, fat tissue mass is reduced by 7.6-fold in males and 3.5-fold in females compared to in wild-type mice (3.0-fold in females)
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immune system
• when fed a phytol-rich diet, males and females exhibit necrosis, fatty vacuolation and inflammation in the liver compared to only female wild-type mice
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