Analysis Tools
nervous system
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• clustering of Gphn is lost in CA1 to CA3 of stratum radiatum, stratum oriens, dentate gyrus (hilus, molecular layer), lateral and ventral parts of the thalamus, amygdala and cerebellum (Purkinje cells, molecular layer)
• large clusters of Gphn not associated with VIAAT (vesicular inhibitory amino-acid transporter) are found in the granule layer of the olfactory bulb, the stratum pyramidale of the hippocampus and the granule cell and molecular layers of the cerebellum
• however, Gphn clustering in the neocortex, striatum, medial thalamic areas, brainstem (caudal medulla) and spinal cord are normal
• clustering of Gabrg2 is reduced in the basolateral amygdala and hippocampus and fewer clusters associate with VIAAT or Gphn
• however, clustering of Gabrg2 is normal in the brainstem (caudal medulla), cerebellum, spinal cord, neocortex, thalamus and striatum
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• after induction of maximal long term potential and low frequency stimulation, field excitatory postsynaptic potentials (fEPSPs) can not be depotentiated as in wild-type mice that return to baseline after 60 minutes
• following low frequency stimulation to induce long term depression, field excitatory postsynaptic potentials (fEPSPs) return to baseline (95.6+/-5.4%) whereas in wild-type mice they exhibit a persistent decrease (72.2+/-4.6%)
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• picrotoxin, a Gabrg2 antagonist, enhances the slope of field excitatory postsynaptic potentials (fEPSPs) to a lesser extent (115.3+/-7.5% compared to 130.1+/-4.1% in wild-type mice)
• after induction of maximal long term potential and low frequency stimulation, the fEPSPs cannot be depotentiated as in wild-type mice that return to baseline after 60 minutes
• following low frequency stimulation to induce long term depression, fEPSPs return to baseline (95.6+/-5.4%) whereas in wild-type mice they exhibit a persistent decrease(72.2+/-4.6%)
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• miniature inhibitory postsynaptic currents (mIPSCs) are reduced in frequency by 43.3% compared to in wild-type mice
mIPSCs amplitude is decreased (48.3+/-2.53 pA compared to 57.08+/-2.74 pA in wild-type mice) and exhibits a slower rise time (1.57+/-0.068 ms compared to 1.31+/-0.046 ms in wild-type mice)
• however, mIPSC mean decay time is normal and glycinergic IPSCs are normal
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• long term potential (LTP) is increased and is still visible 3 hours after induction (189.9+/-14.5% compared to 152.4+/-9.7% in wild-type mice)
• during the first 60 minutes of 20 Hz theta-burst stimulation LTP is induced mice but not wild-type mice
• picrotoxin, a Gabrg2 antagonist, fails to induce an increase in LTP as it does in wild-type mice
• after induction of maximal long term potential and low frequency stimulation, it is not possible to depotentiate the field excitatory postsynaptic potentials (fEPSPs) as in wild-type mice that return to baseline after 60 minutes
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• following low frequency stimulation to induce long term depression, field excitatory postsynaptic potentials (fEPSPs) return to baseline (95.6+/-5.4%) whereas in wild-type mice they exhibit a persistent decrease (72.2+/-4.6%)
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behavior/neurological
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• however, locomoter behavior is normal
• mice explore less than wild-type mice under the same conditions
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• in a Barnes maze, while mice exhibit random and serial searches they spend less time using spatial search strategy (less than 20% compared to greater than 80% in wild-type mice)
• in a Barnes maze, after 17 days no mice learn to locate the escape tunnel compared to 50% of wild-type mice
• 10 out of 10 mice fail to show spatial memory whereas 80% of wild-type mice do
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• in an elevated plus-maze mice spend less time in open arms and dip their heads into the open arms less often compared to wild-type mice
• however, locomoter behavior is normal
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• in an open field test mice spend less time in the center than wild-type mice
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