reproductive system
N |
• total testis weight is similar to wild-type and heterozygous littermates
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• only about 10% of sperm are motile compared to 68% motility in controls
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• abnormal vesicles made of acrosome fragments coated with junctional structures are present in the cytoplasm
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• profound fragmentation and degradation of the acrosome in spermatids
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• additional abnormalities including misshapen nuclei, detached flagella, and disorganized mitochondria within excessive cytoplasmic droplets are seen
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• disorganized mitochondria within excessive cytoplasmic droplets are seen
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• the proportion of sperm with coiled flagella increases from the proximal caput epididymis to the caudal epididymis
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• only abnormally shaped acrosome fragments are seen in ~20% of sperm
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• most caudal epididymal sperm have a round-head with the tail coiled around the nucleus
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• the acrosome is absent in over 80% of sperm
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• misshapen nuclei are observed
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• dilated acrosome, detached of eccentric acrosomal granules, and occasional nuclear indentation by the dilated acrosome are seen as early as in step 6 to 8 spermatids
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• secondary to globozoospermia
• despite normal sperm counts
• however, female fertility is normal
|
endocrine/exocrine glands
• abnormal vesicles made of acrosome fragments coated with junctional structures are present in the cytoplasm
|
cellular
• additional abnormalities including misshapen nuclei, detached flagella, and disorganized mitochondria within excessive cytoplasmic droplets are seen
|
• disorganized mitochondria within excessive cytoplasmic droplets are seen
|
• the proportion of sperm with coiled flagella increases from the proximal caput epididymis to the caudal epididymis
|
• only abnormally shaped acrosome fragments are seen in ~20% of sperm
|
• most caudal epididymal sperm have a round-head with the tail coiled around the nucleus
|
• the acrosome is absent in over 80% of sperm
|
• misshapen nuclei are observed
|
• dilated acrosome, detached of eccentric acrosomal granules, and occasional nuclear indentation by the dilated acrosome are seen as early as in step 6 to 8 spermatids
|
• only about 10% of sperm are motile compared to 68% motility in controls
|