cardiovascular system
N |
• the contractile force and rate of left atria paced by a stimulator at a fixed frequency of 4 Hz and a voltage of 1.5 times the threshold was normal for up to 4 hours after separation from the right atria
(J:100354)
• mice exhibit no cardiac abnormalities when fed a low-fat diet
(J:126583)
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• mice are resistant to cardiac damage caused by a high-fat diet
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• left ventricle end-systolic diameter fails to increase as in wild-type mice when fed a high-fat diet
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• left ventricle weight fails to increase as in wild-type mice when fed a high-fat diet
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• fraction shortening fails to decrease as in wild-type mice when fed a high-fat diet
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• mice are resistant to the alterations in cardiomyocyte contractile properties (resting cell length, peak shortening, maximal velocity of shortening, maximal velocity of re-lengthening, and time to 90% shortening) induced by a high-fat diet
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homeostasis/metabolism
• when fed a high-fat diet plasma insulin levels are increased (7.01+/-0.92 ng/ml compared to 0.20+/-0.04 ng/ml when fed a low-fat diet)
• however, the increased plasma insulin levels are comparable to those in wild-type mice fed a high-fat diet
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• the amount of reactive oxygen species fails to increase as in wild-type mice when fed a high-fat diet
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• mice fail to exhibit doxorubicin-induced inotrophy
• however, doxorubicin-induced chronotropy is normal
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growth/size/body
• when fed a high-fat diet body weight is increased (30.07+/-1.02 g compared to 27.06+/-0.47 g when fed a low fat diet)
• however, the increased body weight is comparable to that in wild-type mice fed a high-fat diet
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