reproductive system
N |
• female mice are fertile
|
• very few sperm are present in the epididymis
• however, no increase in apoptosis is detected at any stage of spermatogenesis
|
• epididymal sperm have misshapen heads and aberrant morphology in the head and tail structures
• the severity of epididymal sperm defects varies between mice
|
• failure of the acrosome to form normally
|
• beginning at step 9 of germ cell differentiation spermatids appear abnormal
• at step 12 of germ cell differentiation, spermatids exhibit shortened shape and lack any sign of a characteristic sharp hook
• at later stages of germ cell differentiation some spermatids exhibit highly condensed, small ball-like shapes
• elongating spermatids lack polarized localization of foci of heterochromatin
|
• epididymal sperm move slowly or are barely moving
|
• male mice are infertile
• however, sperm DNA is capable of supporting embryonic development when used to create embryos by intracytoplasmic sperm injection
|
cellular
• very few sperm are present in the epididymis
• however, no increase in apoptosis is detected at any stage of spermatogenesis
|
• epididymal sperm have misshapen heads and aberrant morphology in the head and tail structures
• the severity of epididymal sperm defects varies between mice
|
• failure of the acrosome to form normally
|
• beginning at step 9 of germ cell differentiation spermatids appear abnormal
• at step 12 of germ cell differentiation, spermatids exhibit shortened shape and lack any sign of a characteristic sharp hook
• at later stages of germ cell differentiation some spermatids exhibit highly condensed, small ball-like shapes
• elongating spermatids lack polarized localization of foci of heterochromatin
|
• epididymal sperm move slowly or are barely moving
|