mortality/aging
• 30% of mice die between E11.5 and E14.5
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embryo
• at E10.5, the thickness of the spongiotrophoblast layer is increased (158.4+/-48.5 um compared to 75.5+/-22.2 um in wild-type mice) and cells within this layer exhibit a 2-fold increase in diameter with increased nuclear volume
• unlike in wild-type mice, spongiotrophoblast cells form a cell around the few and small lacunae remaining from the maternal blood supply
• at E13.5, the spongiotrophoblast layer is more compact with reduced lacunae for maternal blood flow compared to in wild-type mice
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• starting at E12.5 untilE18.5 placenta weight is 85% of wild-type
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• at E10.5, differentiation of the three trophoblast layers is impaired
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growth/size/body
• at E17.5, fetal weight is 93% of wild-type and by E18.5 it is 88% of wild-type
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