Analysis Tools
growth/size/body
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• on a high-fat/high-calorie diet for 32 weeks from 8 weeks of age, mutants show attenuated weight gain relative to wild-type mice
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• on high-fat diet for 32 weeks, mutants remain lean with no significant increase in size of fat depots, whereas wild-type mice have markedly increased size of fat depots when examined at 40 weeks
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adipose tissue
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• on high-fat diet for 32 weeks, mutants have smaller fat depots than wild-type mice on the same diet when examined at 40 weeks
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• adipocytes are smaller than in wild-type mice, on both regular (1390 vs. 2100 um2 mean cell area) and high-fat chow diets (2800 vs. 5900 um2 mean cell area)
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• transgenic mice on high-fat diet for 32 weeks have significant reduction intraabdominal fat than wild-type mice; similarly, regular chow-fed mutants have less abdominal fat than diet-matched controls
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cardiovascular system
| N |
• mutants are protected from age-related hypertension observed in aged wild-type mice
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• wild-type mice at 40 weeks show increased systolic blood pressure compared to transgenic mice on both regular chow and high-fat diets
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liver/biliary system
| N |
• on high-fat diet for 32 weeks, mutants exhibit lower liver weight relative to controls when examined at 40 weeks
• on high-fat diet for 32 weeks, mutants do not exhibit steatosis, whereas wild-type livers have macroscopic appearance compatible with increased fat content
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homeostasis/metabolism
| N |
• at 8 weeks of age, blood glucose and insulin levels are similar to wild-type mice
• insulin levels are similar to wild-type at 4-6 months of age
• on high-fat diet, total energy intake is not significantly different from wild-type
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• on high-fat diet for 32 weeks, mutants remain lean with no significant increase in size of fat depots, whereas wild-type mice have markedly increased size of fat depots when examined at 40 weeks
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• leptin level increase is blunted in transgenic mice on high-fat diet, compared to wild-type
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• on high-fat diet, plasma triglyceride levels are significantly lower than in wild-type
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• in response to IGF-I, transgenic mice show an attenuated hypoglycemic response; plasma glucose levels decrease by ~half the value exhibited by wild-type mice
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• by 4-6 months of age, transgenic mice display lower nonfasted glucose levels than wild-type littermates
• increase in blood glucose of transgenic mice on high-fat diet is significantly blunted relative to wild-type
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• in response to carbohydrate challenge, no siginificant increase in plasma insulin level is observed compared to elevated levels displayed by wild-type mice
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• mice are protected against the age-related decline in glucose tolerance displayed by wild-type mice between 8 and 40 weeks
• on high-fat diet, transgenic mice are protected from development of glucose intolerance compared to wild-type
• on both regular and high-fat diets, blood glucose of transgenic mice is significantly lower after glucose tolerance test than in wild-type
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• hypoglycemic response to exogenous insulin is greater in 40-week old mice compared to controls
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