Analysis Tools
reproductive system
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• despite impaired fertility, weights of the testis, epididymis and seminal vesicles are normal and testis morphology is similar to controls
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• lactate dehydrogenase activity is reduced by about 50% compared to wild-type controls
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• 9 of 11 males failed to sire any litters
• however, female fertility is normal
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• 2 of 11 males each sired 1 small litter over a 4 month period when crossed to 6 different females
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• following matings with superovulated females less than 0.5% of recovered eggs appear to be fertilized
• when sperm are incubated with cumulus free eggs only 3% of the eggs reach the 2-cell stage and none develop into blastocysts
• when sperm are incubated with zona pellucida-free eggs only 29% of the eggs reach the 2 cell stage and only 20% develop into blastocysts compared to about 87% (2-cell) and 69% (blastocyst) for heterozygous sperm
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• lactate production by sperm in a 4 h period is about 10% that of controls
• after 90 minutes or 4 hours of incubation in capacitating media ATP levels are about 52% or 82% lower, respectively, compared to wild-type controls
• however, after 10 minutes of incubation ATP levels are similar to controls
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• motility in freshly isolated sperm appears normal but after 4 h of incubation the percentage of motile sperm is reduced
• after 1.5 h of incubation only 1.93% of sperm develop hyperactivity compared to 46.9% of heterozygous sperm
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endocrine/exocrine glands
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• lactate dehydrogenase activity is reduced by about 50% compared to wild-type controls
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cellular
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• motility in freshly isolated sperm appears normal but after 4 h of incubation the percentage of motile sperm is reduced
• after 1.5 h of incubation only 1.93% of sperm develop hyperactivity compared to 46.9% of heterozygous sperm
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