nervous system
• growth cones fail to exhibit the normal phases of outgrowth
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• the intercostals motor nerves are reduced in thickness compared to in wild-type mice likely due to reduced numbers of axons present at the nerve
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• all mice exhibit severe projection errors in the ventral root with highly fluorescent GFP puncta at the thoracic and lumbar levels of the spinal cord
• mice exhibit limb innervation defects
• branchial motor neuron axons misproject from the ventral root and inappropriately enter the dorsal root ganglion
• lumbar motor neuron axons wander or stall within 100 um of exiting the spinal cord
• upper thoracic motor neuron axons exhibit stalling and misprojection
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• sensory neurons are thinner than in wild-type mice
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• sensory neuron axons are overgrown and defasciculated resulting in thinner nerves at more distal locations compared to in wild-type mice
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• the ventral ramus at the thoracic level is reduced in size while the posterior ramus is more prominent
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cellular
• growth cones fail to exhibit the normal phases of outgrowth
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