mortality/aging
• at E3.5 embryos are present but fail to form a fully expanded blastocyst
• by E5.5 embryos are disorganized, degenerate, and in advanced stage of resorption
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embryo
• cultured E3.5 blastocysts fail to hatch from the zona pellucida
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cellular
• at E3.5 abnormal embryos show micronuclei formation, irregular nuclei, and variable nuclear size
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• at E3.5 abnormal embryos show multinucleation
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• at E3.5 abnormal embryos show diffuse and patchy tubulin staining and lack intercellular bodies indicating failure to reach telophase/cytokinesis
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• by E5.5
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