growth/size/body
• homozygous males with slightly smaller body mass
• homozygous females with normal body mass
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reproductive system
N |
• female fertility is normal
• adult males show normal seminiferous tubule characteristics and normal weights of testes and seminal vesicles
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• flagella containing an axoneme, mitochondria, outer dense fibers, and fibrous sheaths are formed; however, these components are disarranged in the cytoplasm
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• sperm sparse or absent in epididymis
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• step 15 spermatids show deformation of their heads
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• step 15 spermatids show deformation of the heads and numerous vacuoles in the cytoplasm
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• elongated spermatids phagocytosed by Sertoli cells
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• matings of males with wild-type females result in vaginal plugs but fail to lead to successful pregnancies
• nuclei from sperm of homozygous males capable of producing viable embryos
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cellular
• flagella containing an axoneme, mitochondria, outer dense fibers, and fibrous sheaths are formed; however, these components are disarranged in the cytoplasm
|
• sperm sparse or absent in epididymis
|
• step 15 spermatids show deformation of their heads
|
• step 15 spermatids show deformation of the heads and numerous vacuoles in the cytoplasm
|
homeostasis/metabolism
N |
• serum testosterone levels are normal
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