behavior/neurological
• pups fail to nurse and gain adequate body weight
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respiratory system
• mice show spontaneous/continuous breathing, albeit at a slightly reduced frequency, and do not exhibit cyanosis
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nervous system
N |
• mice show normal locus coeruleus tyrosine hydroxylase + populations and normal number of serotonergic neurons expressing tryptophan hydroxylase
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• brainstems show loss of the retrotrapezoid nucleus
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• brainstems show loss of the seventh cranial nerve (CNVII) nuclei
• abnormal formation of CNVII in the embryonic brainstem is due to failure of precursor migration
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