mortality/aging
• mice die within 1 to 2 hours of birth
|
growth/size/body
• mice are small at birth
|
homeostasis/metabolism
• unlike in wild-type mice, dye is readily absorbed through the paws, facial skin, ear buds and lower belly
|
integument
• mice exhibit focal gaps in the epithelial sheets of the epidermis due to degeneration of cells
• however, desmosomes are still present in normal numbers
• intercellular junctions are perturbed unlike in wild-type epidermis
• adherence and tight junction components fail to localize to cell borders unlike in wild-type epidermis
|
• the typically columnar orientation of cells within the basal layer and flattened squamous morphology of the suprabasal cells are lost
|
• cells in the spinous layer fail to flatten as in wild-type mice
|
• the typically columnar orientation of cells within the basal layer and flattened squamous morphology of the suprabasal cells are lost
• unlike in wild-type mice, cells within condensed nuclei indicating apoptosis are found in the suprabasal layer
• suprabasal keratin intermediate filament organization is perturbed compared to in wild-type mice
|
blistering
(
J:144091
)
• around the mouth, umbilicus and tail
|
flaky skin
(
J:144091
)
• ventrally
|
shiny skin
(
J:144091
)
tight skin
(
J:144091
)
• skin is inflexible
|
• mice exhibit increased apoptosis in the epidermis compared to wild-type mice
• however, cell proliferation in the epidermis is normal, and no inflammatory response is observed
|
• unlike in wild-type mice, dye is readily absorbed through the paws, facial skin, ear buds and lower belly
|