mortality/aging
• mice die by 15 weeks of age
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immune system
• hypercellular
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• 10% of wild-type
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• the development and recirculation of lymphocytes, especially T differentiation and egress, are disrupted
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• in the lymph nodes, bone marrow, and lamina propria of the small intestine
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• 5-fold in the thymus
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• 5-fold in the thymus
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• in the lymph nodes and lamina propria of the small intestine
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• 41% of wild-type in the spleen
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• the fraction of pre-B cells in the bone marrow is decreased compared to in wild-type mice while pro-B cell and mature B cell frequencies are normal
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• peripheral T cells are almost completely absent
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• without an increased in double negative cells
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• osteoclasts are distended by an abundant pale and granular eosinophilic cytoplasm that displaces the nuclei and have less direct contact with the bone surfaces compared to wild-type cells
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• 47% of wild-type
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• the arrangement of the periarteriolar lymphoid sheaths and lymphoid follicles is abnormal, and T cells are severely depleted compared to in wild-type mice
• however, B cell areas are normal
• occasional clusters of plasma cells are observed unlike in wild-type mice
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• lymph nodes contain smaller B cell follicles and reduced numbers of lymphocytes in the paracortical zone with increased numbers of granulocytes and macrophages compared to in wild-type mice
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• 57% of wild-type
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respiratory system
• pulmonary alveoli contain proteinaceous material unlike in wild-type mice
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• due to cellular hypertrophy and collagen deposition
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skeleton
• osteoclasts are distended by an abundant pale and granular eosinophilic cytoplasm that displaces the nuclei and have less direct contact with the bone surfaces compared to wild-type cells
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• hypocellular
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• the volume and extent of trabecular bone is increased in the sternebra and long bones compared to in wild-type mice
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cardiovascular system
• heart lesions have patchy to diffuse expansion of the interstitium by vacuoles and vacuolated mesenchymal cells unlike in wild-type mice
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• some have enlarged vesicular nuclei unlike in wild-type mice
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digestive/alimentary system
• the numbers of lymphocytes are reduced while the numbers of granulocytes are increased in the lamina propria of the small intestine compared to in wild-type mice
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growth/size/body
• at 4 weeks
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• mice fail to thrive in the first weeks of life
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renal/urinary system
• mice exhibit lesions of the uroepithelium affecting the renal pelvis, ureters, and urinary bladder and characterized by ballooning vacuolization, degeneration, and apoptosis of urothelial cells unlike in wild-type mice
• lesions are more severe in the superficial umbrella cell layer
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muscle
• some have enlarged vesicular nuclei unlike in wild-type mice
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hematopoietic system
• hypercellular
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• 10% of wild-type
|
• hematopoiesis in the red pulp is increased compared to in wild-type mice
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• the development and recirculation of lymphocytes, especially T differentiation and egress, are disrupted
|
• in the lymph nodes, bone marrow, and lamina propria of the small intestine
|
• 5-fold in the thymus
|
• 5-fold in the thymus
|
• in the lymph nodes and lamina propria of the small intestine
|
• 41% of wild-type in the spleen
|
• the fraction of pre-B cells in the bone marrow is decreased compared to in wild-type mice while pro-B cell and mature B cell frequencies are normal
|
• peripheral T cells are almost completely absent
|
• without an increased in double negative cells
|
• osteoclasts are distended by an abundant pale and granular eosinophilic cytoplasm that displaces the nuclei and have less direct contact with the bone surfaces compared to wild-type cells
|
• 47% of wild-type
|
• the arrangement of the periarteriolar lymphoid sheaths and lymphoid follicles is abnormal, and T cells are severely depleted compared to in wild-type mice
• however, B cell areas are normal
• occasional clusters of plasma cells are observed unlike in wild-type mice
|
endocrine/exocrine glands
• hypercellular
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• 10% of wild-type
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