mortality/aging
• despite normal Mendelian ratios at E18.5, fewer than expected mice are born alive
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liver/biliary system
• fetal livers exhibit patches of hypocellularity due to increased apoptosis compared to in wild-type mice
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• fetal livers exhibit patches of hypocellularity due to increased apoptosis compared to in wild-type mice
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hematopoietic system
• at E18.5
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cellular
• mouse embryonic fibroblasts treated with TNF and CHX exhibit increased apoptosis compared to similarly treated wild-type cells
• however, apoptosis could be blocked by treatment with ZVAD or exctopic expression of TNIP1
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• fetal livers exhibit patches of hypocellularity due to increased apoptosis compared to in wild-type mice
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growth/size/body
• at E16.5 and E18.5, fetal size is reduced compared to in wild-type mice
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• at E18.5, fetal weight is reduced compared to in wild-type mice
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integument